We generalize the formalism for DM capture in celestial bodies to account for arbitrary mediator mass, and update the existing and projected astrophysical constraints on DM-nucleon scattering cross section from observations of neutron stars. We show that the astrophysical constraints on the DM-nucleon interaction strength, that were thought to be the most stringent, drastically weaken for light mediators and can be completely voided. For asymmetric DM, existing astrophysical constraints are completely washed out for mediators lighter than 5 MeV, and for annihilating DM the projected constraints are washed out for mediators lighter than 0.25 MeV. Related terrestrial direct detection bounds also weaken, but in a complementary fashion; they supersede the astrophysical capture bounds for small or large DM mass, respectively for asymmetric or annihilating DM. Repulsive self-interactions of DM have an insignificant impact on the total capture rate, but a significant impact on the black hole formation criterion. This further weakens the constraints on DM-nucleon interaction strength for asymmetric self-repelling DM, whereas constraints remain unaltered for annihilating self-repelling DM. We use the correct Hawking evaporation rate of the newly formed black hole, that was approximated as a blackbody in previous studies, and show that, despite a more extensive alleviation of collapse as a result, the observation of a neutron star collapse can probe a wide range of DM self-interaction strengths.

中文翻译：

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天体中的暗物质捕获：光介质、自相互作用和与直接检测的互补

我们概括了天体中 DM 捕获的形式主义，以解释任意介质质量，并根据中子星的观测更新对 DM 核子散射截面的现有和预计的天体物理约束。我们表明，对 DM-核子相互作用强度的天体物理学限制，被认为是最严格的，对于光介体来说急剧减弱，可以完全取消。对于非对称 DM，现有的天体物理约束对于小于 5 MeV 的介体被完全消除，而对于湮灭 DM，对于小于 0.25 MeV 的介体，预计的约束会被消除。相关的地面直接检测界限也减弱了，但是以一种互补的方式；它们取代了小或大 DM 质量的天体物理捕获界限，分别用于不对称或湮灭 DM。DM 的排斥性自相互作用对总捕获率的影响不显着，但对黑洞形成标准有显着影响。这进一步削弱了对不对称自排斥 DM 的 DM-核子相互作用强度的约束，而对于消灭自排斥 DM，约束保持不变。我们使用了新形成的黑洞的正确霍金蒸发率，在之前的研究中它被近似为黑体，并表明，尽管坍缩得到了更广泛的缓解，但对中子星坍缩的观察可以探测到更广泛的范围。 DM自相互作用强度的范围。这进一步削弱了对不对称自排斥 DM 的 DM-核子相互作用强度的约束，而对于消灭自排斥 DM，约束保持不变。我们使用了新形成的黑洞的正确霍金蒸发率，在之前的研究中它被近似为黑体，并表明，尽管坍缩得到了更广泛的缓解，但对中子星坍缩的观察可以探测到更广泛的范围。 DM自相互作用强度的范围。这进一步削弱了对不对称自排斥 DM 的 DM-核子相互作用强度的约束，而对于消灭自排斥 DM，约束保持不变。我们使用了新形成的黑洞的正确霍金蒸发率，在之前的研究中它被近似为黑体，并表明，尽管坍缩得到了更广泛的缓解，但对中子星坍缩的观察可以探测到更广泛的范围。 DM自相互作用强度的范围。