The salt fouling issue, which has become the major bottleneck hindering a sustainable solar desalination process in practice. Herein, a fluidic photothermal structure that is able to completely prevent salt formation for durable steam generation while achieving electricity generation during the one-way fluid transportation is reported. By continuously navigating the one-way saline fluid through solar absorber, salt rejection can be completely guaranteed during intense steam generation. The proposed strategy was demonstrated by a polyaniline (PANi)/cellulose bilayer and realized ultrahigh solar efficiency (92%) under 1 Sun illumination. We further show that electricity is synchronously generated via asymmetric deposition of functional carbon materials on capillary wicks, and voltage >0.2 V is readily derived with good scalability. This one-way fluidic structure exhibits favorable universality to nearly all the other planar solar absorbers and multistage solar stills, which would be of great practical significance to long-term solar desalination in the future.

中文翻译：

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通过将咸水通过流体光热结构引向协同零能清洁水生产和原地发电来确保完全排盐

盐污问题已经成为阻碍实践中可持续的太阳能淡化过程的主要瓶颈。本文中，报道了一种流体光热结构，其能够在单向流体输送期间实现发电的同时完全防止盐的形成以产生持久的蒸汽。通过不断地使单向盐水流过太阳能吸收器，可以在产生大量蒸汽的过程中完全保证排盐效果。聚苯胺（PANi）/纤维素双层膜证明了所提出的策略，并在1个阳光照射下实现了超高的太阳能效率（92％）。我们进一步表明，通过功能性碳材料在毛细管芯上的不对称沉积可以同步产生电，并且容易获得具有良好扩展性的> 0.2 V电压。