Abstract

The strains of actinobacteria are unique as they lie between true fungi and bacteria and several of them were reported as endophytic actinobacteria as they were isolated from the inner regions of various plant parts and will enhance uptake of nutrients and improve defense against pathogens. Literature and scientific communications reported the relationship between the endophytes and plants, most of them concluded the association as commensalism. Remarkably, bioactive compounds from endophytic Streptomyces sp. were confirmed with various applications. A retrospective consolidation on the endophytic Streptomyces sp. and their metabolite application in day to day life is presented here. It was deduced that this group of the organism are a source for a wide range of bioactive compounds including anticancer agents, immune suppressor, plant growth promoters, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-tumor agents, enzymes and antimicrobial substances. These antimicrobial metabolites show broad-spectrum activity and are effective against bacteria and fungi. The mechanism of action of secondary metabolites from endophytes and its positive influence on the host plants are noted as involvement in deterrence, antifeedant activity, toxicity against common pests, and as enhancers for physical mechanisms such as water uptake and sunlight absorption, thus supporting the growth of host plants.

摘要

放线菌菌株是独特的，因为它们位于真正的真菌和细菌之间，并且有几种据报道是内生放线菌，因为它们是从植物各个部位的内部区域中分离出来的，它们将增强营养的吸收并提高对病原体的防御能力。文献和科学交流报道了内生植物与植物之间的关系，其中大多数将这种联系归结为共鸣。明显地，来自内生链霉菌sp。的生物活性化合物。被确认具有各种应用。内生链霉菌的回顾性合并sp。并介绍了它们在日常生活中的代谢产物。可以推断出，该生物体是多种生物活性化合物的来源，包括抗癌剂，免疫抑制剂，植物生长促进剂，抗炎剂，抗肿瘤剂，酶和抗菌物质。这些抗菌代谢物具有广谱活性，对细菌和真菌有效。来自内生菌的次生代谢产物的作用机理及其对寄主植物的积极影响被认为参与了威慑作用，拒食活性，对常见害虫的毒性，并且是物理机制（如水分吸收和阳光吸收）的增强剂，从而支持了生长寄主植物。