Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process, designed to maintain cellular homeostasis during a range of internal and external stimuli. Conventionally, autophagy is known for coordinated degradation and recycling of intracellular components and removal of cytosolic pathogens. More recently, several lines of evidence have indicated an unconventional, nondegradative role of autophagy for secretion of cargo that lacks a signal peptide. This process referred to as secretory autophagy has also been implicated in the infection cycle of several virus species. This review focuses on the current evidence available on the nondegradative features of autophagy, emphasizing its potential role and unresolved questions in the release and spread of (−) and (+) RNA viruses.

中文翻译：

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Escape the Lion's Den：重定向自噬以进行病毒的非常规释放和传播

自噬是一种进化上保守的过程，旨在在一系列内部和外部刺激期间维持细胞稳态。通常，自噬以细胞内成分的协调降解和再循环以及细胞溶质病原体的去除而闻名。最近，一些证据表明自噬对分泌缺乏信号肽的货物具有非常规的、非降解的作用。这种称为分泌性自噬的过程也与几种病毒的感染周期有关。本综述侧重于当前关于自噬非降解特征的可用证据，强调其在 (−) 和 (+) RNA 病毒释放和传播中的潜在作用和未解决的问题。