The water‐permeable skin of amphibians renders them highly sensitive to climatic conditions, and interspecific correlations between environmental moisture levels and rates of water exchange across the skin suggest that natural selection adapts hydroregulatory mechanisms to local challenges. How quickly can such mechanisms shift when a species encounters novel moisture regimes? Cutaneous resistance to water loss and gain in wild‐caught cane toads (Rhinella marina) from Brazil, USA (Hawai'i) and Australia exhibited strong geographic variation. Cutaneous resistance was low in native‐range (Brazilian) toads and in Hawai'ian populations (where toads were introduced in 1932) but significantly higher in toads from eastern Australia (where toads were introduced in 1935). Toads from recently invaded areas in western Australia exhibited cutaneous resistance to water loss similar to the native‐range populations, possibly because toads are restricted to moist sites within this highly arid landscape. Rates of rehydration exhibited significant but less extreme geographic variation, being higher in the native range than in invaded regions. Thus, in less than a century, cane toads invading areas that impose different climatic challenges have diverged in the capacity for hydroregulation.

中文翻译：

---

在澳大利亚入侵期间，蟾蜍蟾蜍（Rhinella marina）对皮肤水分获得和损失的抵抗力发生了变化

两栖动物的透水皮肤使它们对气候条件高度敏感，环境湿度水平与皮肤上水交换速率之间的种间关联表明自然选择使水调节机制适应了当地的挑战。当一个物种遇到新的水分状况时，这种机制能多快转变？野外捕获的蟾蜍对透水和增水具有抵抗力（Rinellla marina））来自巴西，美国（夏威夷）和澳大利亚的地理差异很大。在本地（巴西）蟾蜍和夏威夷种群（1932年引入蟾蜍）中，皮肤的抗性很低，但在澳大利亚东部（1935年引入蟾蜍）的蟾蜍中，皮肤的抵抗力很低。来自澳大利亚西部最近入侵地区的蟾蜍表现出对水分流失的皮肤抵抗力，与当地人相似，这可能是因为蟾蜍被限制在这个高度干旱的景观中的潮湿场所。补液速率显示出显着但不那么极端的地理变化，在自然范围内高于在入侵地区。因此，在不到一个世纪的时间里，入侵甘蔗蟾蜍的地区面临着不同的气候挑战，其调节水力的能力也有所不同。