Abstract Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA), or postglacial rebound refers to the crustal response to glacial loading and unloading processes. In this investigation, we run numerical simulations using different rheological parameters and ice loading histories to obtain models of the glacial isostatic response for the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. The objective is to assess in general the potential impact of GIA on hydrocarbon reservoirs and trapping structures in terms of tilting, deformation, fault activity or geochemical implications on the trapped fluids. Comparisons may be drawn to related studies, including analogous impacts on reservoirs in the Barents Sea, as well as validation of GIA model predictions of vertical crustal motion using GNSS stations, levelling networks and relative sea level (RSL) observations at numerous sites across eastern Canada. By running a series of GIA models, a range of vertical motion rates are output through time to determine displacement amounts, and calculations are performed on these outputs to disseminate other valuable data attributes such as the displacement gradient and differences in time and space. In general, the vertical motion rate is seen to change drastically over time for certain points, as the lag in response of regions near the ice periphery leads to a distinct pattern of uplift and subsidence. The Grand Banks generally experienced between 57 m of subsidence to 34 m of uplift since the last glacial maximum, depending on the specific location and the GIA model parameters. At the reservoir scale, model results along a 10 km baseline show up to −1.0–1.5 m of differential vertical displacement, which could have led to reservoir tilting or even hydrocarbon migration. As a result of this study, it is clear that there are implications of GIA on hydrocarbon reservoirs since the Last Glacial Maximum, and these effects are ongoing.

中文翻译：

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冰川均衡调整对纽芬兰大银行油气藏的影响

摘要 冰川均衡调整 (GIA) 或冰后回弹是指地壳对冰川加载和卸载过程的响应。在这项调查中，我们使用不同的流变参数和冰加载历史进行数值模拟，以获得纽芬兰大银行的冰川均衡响应模型。目的是从倾斜、变形、断层活动或对圈闭流体的地球化学影响方面总体评估 GIA 对油气藏和圈闭结构的潜在影响。可与相关研究进行比较，包括对巴伦支海储层的类似影响，以及使用 GNSS 站验证 GIA 模型对垂直地壳运动的预测，加拿大东部众多地点的水准测量网络和相对海平面 (RSL) 观测。通过运行一系列 GIA 模型，随时间输出一系列垂直运动速率以确定位移量，并对这些输出进行计算以传播其他有价值的数据属性，例如位移梯度和时空差异。一般来说，某些点的垂直运动速率会随着时间的推移发生剧烈变化，因为冰边缘附近区域的响应滞后导致了明显的隆起和沉降模式。根据具体位置和 GIA 模型参数，大银行自上次冰期最大值以来通常经历了 57 m 的下沉至 34 m 的隆起。在储层尺度上，沿 10 公里基线的模型结果显示高达 -1.0-1。5 m 的差异垂直位移，这可能导致储层倾斜甚至油气运移。作为这项研究的结果，很明显 GIA 对自末次盛冰期以来的油气藏有影响，并且这些影响仍在持续。