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Global warming increases latitudinal divergence in flowering dates of a perennial herb in humid regions across eastern Asia
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108209
Zhuqiu Song , Yongshuo H. Fu , Yanjun Du , Zhongliang Huang

Abstract Latitudinal patterns can reveal important ecological processes. The temporal overlap and divergence in flowering along latitudinal gradients is tightly related to intraspecific gene flow and interspecific interactions. Recent studies have predicted that global warming has led to more uniform spring and summer plant phenology across latitudes, but direct evidence is limited. Here, we test changes in the latitudinal pattern of peak flowering of a perennial herb Spiranthes sinensis (Orchidaceae) during 1901–2017 across ~40° of latitude in eastern Asia, spanning humid to water-limited regions. We found that flowering phenology did not vary significantly across latitudes in water-limited regions. However, global warming has significantly increased temporal divergence in flowering phenology across latitudes in humid regions—each 1 °C warming in mean annual temperature leads to an increased divergence of 2.47 days across 1° of latitude. Significantly stronger temperature sensitivity at lower latitudes is likely responsible for the increased phenological divergence. Additionally, we found that the phenological divergence is larger at lower latitudes in humid regions. These findings provide empirical evidence of variation in the latitudinal phenology shift at longer temporal and larger spatial scales under climate change, and highlight its potential role in ecosystem functioning, such as intraspecific gene flow and interspecific interaction.

中文翻译:

全球变暖增加了东亚潮湿地区多年生草本植物开花日期的纬度差异

摘要 纬度模式可以揭示重要的生态过程。沿纬度梯度开花的时间重叠和发散与种内基因流动和种间相互作用密切相关。最近的研究预测,全球变暖导致跨纬度的春季和夏季植物物候更加统一,但直接证据有限。在这里,我们测试了 1901 年至 2017 年亚洲东部纬度约 40 度的多年生草本植物螺旋藻(兰科)开花高峰的纬度模式变化,跨越潮湿到缺水地区。我们发现,在水资源有限的地区,开花物候在不同纬度之间没有显着差异。然而,全球变暖显着增加了潮湿地区跨纬度开花物候的时间差异——年平均气温每升高 1°C,就会导致跨纬度 1° 的差异增加 2.47 天。低纬度地区明显更强的温度敏感性可能是物候差异增加的原因。此外,我们发现在潮湿地区的低纬度地区,物候差异更大。这些发现提供了气候变化下纬度物候变化在更长的时间和更大的空间尺度上变化的经验证据,并强调了其在生态系统功能中的潜在作用,例如种内基因流动和种间相互作用。低纬度地区明显更强的温度敏感性可能是物候差异增加的原因。此外,我们发现在潮湿地区的低纬度地区,物候差异更大。这些发现提供了气候变化下纬度物候变化在更长的时间和更大的空间尺度上变化的经验证据,并强调了其在生态系统功能中的潜在作用,例如种内基因流动和种间相互作用。低纬度地区明显更强的温度敏感性可能是物候差异增加的原因。此外,我们发现在潮湿地区的低纬度地区,物候差异更大。这些发现提供了气候变化下纬度物候变化在更长的时间和更大的空间尺度上变化的经验证据,并强调了其在生态系统功能中的潜在作用,例如种内基因流动和种间相互作用。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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