Aichivirus 1 (AiV-1) is an enteric virus that has been documented to be the causative agent of diarrhea in humans. It is transmitted by fecal–oral route, through person-to-person contact, consumption of contaminated food or water, or recreation of contaminated water. AiV-1 is highly prevalent in water samples and has been proposed as a potential indicator of fecal contamination in water reservoirs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of AiV-1 in environmental water samples in Thailand. A total of 126 samples were collected monthly from November 2016 to July 2018 from various sources of environmental water including irrigation water, reservoir, river, and wastewater. The presence of AiV-1 was detected by RT-nested PCR of the 3CD region and further analyzed by phylogenetic analysis. The AiV-1 was detected in 28 out of 126 (22.2%) of tested samples. A high frequency of AiV-1 detection was in wastewater (52.4%). All 28 AiV-1 strains detected in this study belonged to the genotype B and were closely related to AiV strains detected previously in environmental waters and in humans worldwide. This study demonstrated, for the first time, the contamination of AiV-1 in various sources of water samples in Thailand and provided a better insight into the prevalence of AiV-1 in environmental waters and its potential risk of human health.

Aichivirus 1（AiV-1）是一种肠道病毒，已被证明是人类腹泻的病原体。它通过人与人之间的接触，食用受污染的食物或水，或重新利用受污染的水，通过粪便-口途径传播。AiV-1在水样中非常普遍，并已被提议作为蓄水池中粪便污染的潜在指标。这项研究旨在调查泰国环境水样中AiV-1的流行和遗传多样性。2016年11月至2018年7月，每月从各种环境水源（包括灌溉水，水库，河流和废水）中总共采集126个样本。通过3CD区的RT巢式PCR检测AiV-1的存在，并通过系统发育分析进一步分析。在126个样本中，有28个（22.2％）检测到AiV-1。废水中有很高的AiV-1检测频率（52.4％）。在这项研究中检测到的所有28株AiV-1菌株都属于基因型B，并且与先前在环境水域和全世界人类中检测到的AiV菌株密切相关。这项研究首次证明了泰国各种来源的水样本中AiV-1的污染，并为了解AiV-1在环境水域中的流行及其对人类健康的潜在风险提供了更深入的了解。