Understanding the statistical latency between two groups of hosts in a period of time is of great significance to a wide variety of Internet applications and services, such as Service-Level Agreement (SLA) compliance monitoring and Virtual Network Function (VNF) placement. However, direct latency measurement methods are not always applicable to large-scale situations while the existing indirect methods often incur extra deployment costs or security problems. To address this challenge, we design an indirect method based on widely-distributed clients called SSL (Surrogate-based method for large-scale Statistical Latency measurement). SSL estimates the latency between two arbitrary hosts using the measured latencies from several selected clients near one end host, which are called the host's surrogates, to the other end host. To overcome the limited capacity of the volatile clients with unstable CPU, memory, and bandwidth resources, we propose an innovative two-step measurement task assignment mechanism for SSL that can achieve high accuracy measurement results while satisfying the resource constraints simultaneously. Moreover, SSL adopts a sampling technique to reduce the overhead in large-scale measurements, and a resampling technique to determine the confidence interval. Simulation experiments show that SSL can achieve more than 90 percent accuracy in most situations with 10 percent client density and 15 percent sampling rate.

中文翻译：

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SSL：一种基于代理的大规模统计延迟测量方法

了解一段时间内两组主机之间的统计延迟对于各种互联网应用和服务具有重要意义，例如服务水平协议 (SLA) 合规性监控和虚拟网络功能 (VNF) 放置。然而，直接延迟测量方法并不总是适用于大规模情况，而现有的间接方法通常会产生额外的部署成本或安全问题。为了应对这一挑战，我们设计了一种基于广泛分布的客户端的间接方法，称为安全证书 （用于大规模统计延迟测量的基于代理的方法）。 安全证书使用从一个端主机附近的几个选定客户端（称为主机的代理）到另一端主机的测量延迟来估计两个任意主机之间的延迟。为了克服具有不稳定 CPU、内存和带宽资源的易失性客户端的有限容量，我们提出了一种创新的两步测量任务分配机制安全证书可以在满足资源约束的同时获得高精度的测量结果。而且，安全证书采用采样技术减少大规模测量的开销，并采用重采样技术确定置信区间。仿真实验表明安全证书 在大多数情况下可以达到 90% 以上的准确率，10% 的客户端密度和 15% 的采样率。