Species inventories are essential to the implementation of conservation policies to mitigate biodiversity loss and maintain ecosystem services and their value to the society. This is particularly topical with respect to climate change and direct anthropogenic effects on Antarctic biodiversity, with the identification of the most at-risk taxa and geographical areas becoming a priority. Identification tools are often neglected and considered helpful only for taxonomists. However, the development of new online information technologies and computer-aided identification tools provides an opportunity to promote them to a wider audience, especially considering the emerging generation of scientists who apply an integrative approach to taxonomy. This paper aims to clarify essential concepts and provide convenient and accessible tools, tips and suggested systems to use and develop knowledge bases (KBs). The software Xper3 was selected as an example of a user-friendly KB management system to give a general overview of existing tools and functionalities through two applications: the ‘Antarctic Echinoids’ and ‘Odontasteridae Southern Ocean (Asteroids)’ KBs. We highlight the advantages provided by KBs over more classical tools, and future potential uses are highlighted, including the production of field guides to aid in the compilation of species inventories for biodiversity conservation purposes.

中文翻译：

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分类法 2.0：协助南极生物学家在野外和实验室工作的计算机辅助识别工具

物种清单对于实施保护政策以减轻生物多样性丧失和维持生态系统服务及其对社会的价值至关重要。这在气候变化和人为对南极生物多样性的直接影响方面尤为重要，确定风险最大的分类群和地理区域成为优先事项。识别工具经常被忽视，被认为只对分类学家有用。然而，新的在线信息技术和计算机辅助识别工具的发展为向更广泛的受众推广它们提供了机会，特别是考虑到将综合方法应用于分类学的新一代科学家。本文旨在阐明基本概念并提供方便易用的工具，使用和开发知识库 (KB) 的提示和建议系统。该软件Xper3被选为用户友好的 KB 管理系统的一个示例，通过两个应用程序对现有工具和功能进行了总体概述：“南极海胆”和“Odontasteridae Southern Ocean (Asteroids)”KB。我们强调知识库提供的优于更经典工具的优势，并强调了未来的潜在用途，包括制作实地指南以帮助为生物多样性保护目的编制物种清单。