Acylsugars constitute an abundant class of pest- and pathogen-protective Solanaceae family plant-specialized metabolites produced in secretory glandular trichomes. Solanum pennellii produces copious triacylated sucrose and glucose esters, and the core biosynthetic pathway producing these compounds was previously characterized. We performed untargeted metabolomic analysis of S. pennellii surface metabolites from accessions spanning the species range, which indicated geographic trends in the acylsugar profile and revealed two compound classes previously undescribed from this species, tetraacylglucoses and flavonoid aglycones. A combination of ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HR-MS) and NMR spectroscopy identified variations in the number, length, and branching pattern of acyl chains, and the proportion of sugar cores in acylsugars among accessions. The new dimensions of acylsugar variation revealed by this analysis further indicate variation in the biosynthetic and degradative pathways responsible for acylsugar accumulation. These findings provide a starting point for deeper investigation of acylsugar biosynthesis, an understanding of which can be exploited through crop breeding or metabolic engineering strategies to improve the endogenous defenses of crop plants.

中文翻译：

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集成的分析方法揭示了野生番茄茄中的丰硕酰基糖代谢产物多样性。

酰基糖构成分泌腺毛中产生的一类丰富的害虫和病原体保护茄科植物专门代谢产物。茄属植物产生大量的三酰基蔗糖和葡萄糖酯，并且先前已经表征了产生这些化合物的核心生物合成途径。我们进行的无针对性的代谢组学分析S.潘那利番茄跨越物种范围的种质的表面代谢产物表明了糖基糖分布的地理趋势，并揭示了该物种先前未描述的两个化合物类别，即四酰基葡萄糖和类黄酮苷元。超高效液相色谱-高分辨率质谱法（UHPLC-HR-MS）和NMR光谱法相结合，鉴定出酰基链的数量，长度和分支模式的变化，以及各糖之间糖中糖核的比例。该分析揭示的酰基糖变异的新维度进一步表明了负责糖糖积累的生物合成和降解途径的变异。这些发现为进一步研究酰基糖的生物合成提供了一个起点，