The mechanisms controlling egg diapause and circadian rhythms of hatching activity have been extensively studied in insects. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the mechanisms controlling synchronized hatching from an egg mass. In this study, we examined the possible involvement of embryo–embryo interaction in controlling hatching time in Halyomorpha halys (Stål). Eggs tended to hatch earlier as the egg mass size increased. Egg separation and clumping of separated eggs at various times showed that hatching synchrony was largely determined shortly before hatching. However, whether eggs were kept in a mass or separated until several hours before hatching also influenced the hatching time, indicating the presence of embryo–embryo interactions. Eggs derived from different masses and kept in physical contact with one another hatched synchronously if their ages were within approximately 8 h. In this case, both younger and older eggs advanced only in hatching time, in contrast to a case of locusts reported by others. Eggs separated by more than 7 mm hatched as synchronously as those kept in a mass when glued to the same substrate, suggesting an important role of the egg substrate in transmitting the vibrational hatching signals to neighboring sibling eggs to synchronize hatching.

中文翻译：

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胚胎 - 胚胎相互作用控制孵化时间和棕色獾臭虫同步的证据，Halyomorpha halys（半翅目：五足科）

已在昆虫中广泛研究了控制卵滞育和孵化活动昼夜节律的机制。然而，人们对控制卵块同步孵化的机制的关注相对较少。在这项研究中，我们研究了胚胎 - 胚胎相互作用在控制 Halyomorpha halys (Stål) 孵化时间方面的可能参与。随着鸡蛋质量的增加，鸡蛋往往会更早孵化。不同时间的蛋分离和分离蛋的结块表明孵化同步在很大程度上是在孵化前不久确定的。然而，在孵化前几个小时，鸡蛋是保持成团还是分开也会影响孵化时间，表明存在胚胎 - 胚胎相互作用。如果它们的年龄在大约 8 小时内，则来自不同质量并相互保持身体接触的鸡蛋同步孵化。在这种情况下，与其他人报告的蝗虫案例相反，较年轻和较老的卵仅在孵化时间提前。相隔超过 7 毫米的鸡蛋与粘在同一基质上的鸡蛋一样同步孵化，这表明鸡蛋基质在将振动孵化信号传递给相邻的同胞卵以同步孵化方面发挥着重要作用。