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T cell fate mapping and lineage tracing technologies probing clonal aspects underlying the generation of CD8 T cell subsets
Scandinavian Journal of Immunology ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-09 , DOI: 10.1111/sji.12983
Shaima Al Khabouri 1, 2 , Carmen Gerlach 1, 2
Affiliation  

T cells responding to acute infections generally provide two key functions to protect the host: (1) active contribution to pathogen elimination and (2) providing long‐lived cells that are poised to rapidly respond to renewed infection, thus ensuring long‐lasting protection against the particular pathogen. Extensive work has established an astonishing amount of additional diversity among T cells actively contributing to pathogen elimination, as well as among resting, long‐lived antigen‐experienced T cells. This led to the description of a variety of functionally distinct T cell ‘subsets’. Understanding how this heterogeneity develops among T cells responding to the same antigen is currently an active area of research, since knowledge of such mechanisms may have implications for the development of vaccines and immunotherapy. The number of naïve T cells specific to a given antigen span a great range. Considering this, one mechanistic angle focusses on how individual naïve T cells contribute to the development of the distinct T cell subsets. In this review, we highlight the current technologies that enable one to address the contributions of individual naïve T cells to different T cell subsets, with a focus on CD8 T cell subsets generated in the context of acute infections. Moreover, we discuss the requirements of new technologies to further our understanding of the mechanisms that help generate long‐lasting immunity.

中文翻译:

T细胞命运定位和谱系追踪技术,探究产生CD8 T细胞亚群的克隆方面

对急性感染有反应的T细胞通常提供保护宿主的两个关键功能:(1)对病原体消除的积极贡献;(2)提供长寿的细胞,准备对新感染迅速做出反应,从而确保长期防御特定的病原体。大量的工作已经在活跃地促进病原体消除的T细胞之间以及静止的,长期存在抗原的T细胞之间建立了惊人数量的其他多样性。这导致了对各种功能不同的T细胞“子集”的描述。了解这种异质性如何在对相同抗原作出反应的T细胞之间发展成为当前研究的活跃领域,因为对此类机制的了解可能对疫苗的开发和免疫疗法产生影响。给定抗原特异的幼稚T细胞的数量范围很广。考虑到这一点,一个机制的角度关注于单个幼稚T细胞如何促进不同T细胞亚群的发育。在这篇综述中,我们重点介绍了能够解决单个幼稚T细胞对不同T细胞亚群的贡献的当前技术,重点是在急性感染情况下产生的CD8 T细胞亚群。此外,我们讨论了新技术的要求,以进一步了解有助于产生持久免疫力的机制。我们重点介绍了当前的技术,这些技术使人们能够解决单个幼稚T细胞对不同T细胞亚群的贡献,重点是在急性感染的情况下产生的CD8 T细胞亚群。此外,我们讨论了新技术的要求,以进一步了解有助于产生持久免疫力的机制。我们重点介绍了当前的技术,这些技术使人们能够解决单个幼稚T细胞对不同T细胞亚群的贡献,重点是在急性感染的情况下产生的CD8 T细胞亚群。此外,我们讨论了新技术的要求,以进一步了解有助于产生持久免疫力的机制。
更新日期:2020-11-27
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