Trypanosoma cruzi is a unicellular parasite and the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. The parasite has a digenetic life cycle alternating between mammalian and insect hosts, where it faces a variety of environmental conditions to which it must adapt in order to survive. The adaptation to these changes is mediated by signaling pathways that coordinate the cellular responses to the new environmental settings. Major environmental changes include temperature, nutrient availability, ionic composition, pH, osmolarity, oxidative stress, contact with host cells and tissues, host immune response, and intracellular life. Some of the signaling pathways and second messengers potentially involved in the response to these changes have been elucidated in recent years and will be the subject of this review.

中文翻译：

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参与克氏锥虫环境感知的信号通路

克氏锥虫是一种单细胞寄生虫，也是南美锥虫病的病原体。这种寄生虫有一个在哺乳动物和昆虫宿主之间交替的双基因生命周期，它面临着各种环境条件，它必须适应这些环境条件才能生存。对这些变化的适应是由协调细胞对新环境环境的反应的信号通路介导的。主要的环境变化包括温度、养分可用性、离子组成、pH、渗透压、氧化应激、与宿主细胞和组织的接触、宿主免疫反应和细胞内生命。近年来，已经阐明了一些可能参与响应这些变化的信号通路和第二信使，并将成为本次审查的主题。