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Odd man out for everyone: The justification of ostracism to maximize the whole group’s benefits
European Journal of Social Psychology ( IF 3.930 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-11 , DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2725
Ryuichi Tamai 1 , Tasuku Igarashi 2
Affiliation  

Ostracism presents a paradox: ostracizing a member from a group has been considered anti-normative yet has been applied in many societies. This study attempts to resolve this paradox through the idea that people ostracize an individual to maximize benefits to the whole group. A paired-comparison paradigm was developed that forced participants to choose a target of ostracism from one of two members who provided different amounts of benefits to the other members. Participants then rated the degree of psychological pain caused by ostracizing. Four experiments revealed that participants tended to choose to ostracize a benefactor (who provided benefits only to the participant) rather than a utilitarian (who maximized the benefits to the whole group). Participants felt the strongest psychological pain when ostracizing a utilitarian rather than a benefactor.

中文翻译:

奇怪的人为每个人:为了最大化整个群体的利益而排斥的理由

排斥提出了一个悖论:从一个群体中排斥一个成员被认为是反规范的,但已被应用于许多社会。本研究试图通过人们排斥个人以最大化整个群体的利益的想法来解决这一悖论。开发了一种配对比较范式,迫使参与者从为其他成员提供不同数量利益的两名成员中选择一个被排斥的目标。然后,参与者对排斥引起的心理痛苦程度进行评分。四项实验表明,参与者倾向于选择排斥恩人(他只为参与者提供利益)而不是功利主义者(他使整个群体的利益最大化)。
更新日期:2020-10-11
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