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A survey of pathways for mechano-electric coupling in the atria
Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2020.09.011
Marta Varela 1 , Aditi Roy 2 , Jack Lee 3
Affiliation  

Mechano-electric coupling (MEC) in atrial tissue has received sparse investigation to date, despite the well-known association between chronic atrial dilation and atrial fibrillation (AF). Of note, no fewer than six different mechanisms pertaining to stretch-activated channels, cellular capacitance and geometric effects have been identified in the literature as potential players. In this mini review, we briefly survey each of these pathways to MEC. We then perform computational simulations using single cell and tissue models in presence of various stretch regimes and MEC pathways. This allows us to assess the relative significance of each pathway in determining action potential duration, conduction velocity and rotor stability. For chronic atrial stretch, we find that stretch-induced alterations in membrane capacitance decrease conduction velocity and increase action potential duration, in agreement with experimental findings. In the presence of time-dependent passive atrial stretch, stretch-activated channels play the largest role, leading to after-depolarizations and rotor hypermeandering. These findings suggest that physiological atrial stretches, such as passive stretch during the atrial reservoir phase, may play an important part in the mechanisms of atrial arrhythmogenesis.



中文翻译:

心房机电耦合通路的调查

尽管慢性心房扩张和心房颤动 (AF) 之间存在众所周知的关联,但迄今为止心房组织中的机械电耦合 (MEC) 研究很少。值得注意的是,不少于六种与拉伸激活通道、细胞电容和几何效应有关的不同机制已在文献中被确定为潜在参与者。在这篇小型回顾中,我们简要调查了这些通往 MEC 的途径。然后,我们在存在各种拉伸方案和 MEC 路径的情况下使用单细胞和组织模型进行计算模拟。这使我们能够评估每个通路在确定动作电位持续时间、传导速度和转子稳定性方面的相对重要性。对于慢性心房牵张,我们发现拉伸引起的膜电容改变会降低传导速度并增加动作电位持续时间,这与实验结果一致。在存在时间依赖性被动心房牵张的情况下,牵张激活的通道发挥最大作用,导致后去极化和转子超曲折。这些发现表明,生理性心房牵张,例如心房储层期的被动牵张,可能在心房心律失常发生的机制中发挥重要作用。

更新日期:2020-10-11
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