Abstract Drilling fluid properties can be modified using a variety of nano-additives to achieve specific rheological and physical characteristics. Selected invert-emulsion drilling fluids modified with three different kinds of graphene oxide (GO)-based nanomaterials including GO, Cu(II) salen, and Cu(II) salen@GO were focused. The corresponding formation damage was evaluated through a set of core-flooding experiments and computed tomography analyses on selected carbonate samples followed by a set of wettability-based analyses and electrical conductivity measurements. The results were best fitted using the Casson model while the employed nano-additives were evidenced to have negligible effect on reducing the depth of penetration. In addition, GO- and Cu(II) salen@GO additives were observed to decline the contact angle for more than 20% and 35% in carbonate and sandstone samples, respectively, suggesting their potential to resolve the wettability alteration issues. Furthermore, electrical conductivity of the drilling fluid samples was increased for about 33 % using both Cu(II) salen and Cu(II) salen@GO additives.

中文翻译：

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氧化石墨烯/无机配合物改性反乳化钻井液的特性研究

摘要 使用多种纳米添加剂可以改变钻井液的特性，以实现特定的流变和物理特性。重点研究了用三种不同的氧化石墨烯 (GO) 基纳米材料，包括 GO、Cu(II) salen 和 Cu(II) salen@GO 改性的反相乳液钻井液。通过对选定的碳酸盐样品进行一组岩心驱油实验和计算机断层扫描分析，然后进行一组基于润湿性的分析和电导率测量，对相应的地层损害进行了评估。结果最适合使用 Casson 模型，而所采用的纳米添加剂被证明对降低渗透深度的影响可以忽略不计。此外，观察到 GO- 和 Cu(II) salen@GO 添加剂在碳酸盐和砂岩样品中分别降低了 20% 和 35% 以上的接触角，这表明它们有可能解决润湿性改变问题。此外，使用 Cu(II) salen 和 Cu(II) salen@GO 添加剂，钻井液样品的电导率增加了约 33%。