Uraemic encephalopathy (UE) is rarely associated with acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease in domestic animals, and we now report the first case in a cat. The animal presented with hypothermia, apathy, lethargy, depression, severe dehydration, uraemic breath, elevated serum urea nitrogen and creatine concentrations, and eventual seizures and coma prior to death. Gross necropsy findings included severe bilateral renal scarring, ulcerative stomatitis and glossitis, and uraemic gastropathy. Microscopic lesions of diffuse interstitial fibrosis, multifocal mineralization and lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis were seen in the kidneys. There was symmetrical, bilateral spongy vacuolation of the white matter of the basal nuclei and cerebellum and Alzheimer type II astrocytes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Glial fibrillary acid protein immunolabelling was absent or faint in astrocytes of the cerebral grey matter. UE should be included in the differential diagnosis in animals with chronic kidney disease and neurological signs.

尿毒症脑病 (UE) 很少与家畜的急性肾损伤或慢性肾病有关，我们现在报告了第一例猫病例。动物表现出体温过低、冷漠、嗜睡、抑郁、严重脱水、尿毒症呼吸、血清尿素氮和肌酸浓度升高，最终在死亡前癫痫发作和昏迷。大体尸检结果包括严重的双侧肾瘢痕、溃疡性口炎和舌炎以及尿毒症性胃病。在肾脏中可见弥漫性间质纤维化、多灶性矿化和淋巴浆细胞性间质性肾炎的显微病变。基底核和小脑的白质以及大脑皮层和海马中的阿尔茨海默 II 型星形胶质细胞存在对称的双侧海绵状空泡化。在脑灰质的星形胶质细胞中，胶质纤维酸性蛋白免疫标记不存在或微弱。UE 应包括在具有慢性肾脏疾病和神经系统体征的动物的鉴别诊断中。