Abstract This paper aims to enhance human involvement in equipment maintenance and product disassembly, which are essential in product end-of-life (EOL) planning and achieving sustainable manufacturing. Maintenance operations can extend the production lifespan of machinery, whereas disassembly is an essential step in EOL processes, such as reusing, recycling and remanufacturing. Notably, most maintenance activities and disassembly operations are still conducted manually. Hence, an integrated framework that considers appropriate human factors and ergonomic conditions in these two phases is proposed. First, a review on current approaches in sustainable manufacturing, such as through-life engineering services and continuous maintenance is presented. Next, an integrated framework for maintenance and disassembly based on advanced human computer interaction and soft computing techniques is described. In the maintenance phase, a sensor network that tracks the steps performed by a user during maintenance operations is implemented. The proposed network can account for situations where the user is far away from the maintenance job area and when the user is carrying out the actual maintenance job. This tracking data and information will serve as a basis for comparison to obtain maintenance quality related information and provide real time ergonomics feedback. This information is utilized for disassembly optimisation with human factors consideration. In line with Industry 4.0 concept, this framework allows (i) improvement of maintenance quality with the inclusion of steps tracking during disassembly and maintenance operations and (ii) monitoring and consideration of the well-being of operators. Case studies are implemented to illustrate the proposed framework followed by discussion and conclusion with future work.

中文翻译：

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可持续制造中的以人为本的维护和拆卸

摘要 本文旨在提高人类对设备维护和产品拆卸的参与，这对于产品报废 (EOL) 规划和实现可持续制造至关重要。维护操作可以延长机器的生产寿命，而拆卸是 EOL 流程中必不可少的步骤，例如再利用、回收和再制造。值得注意的是，大多数维护活动和拆卸操作仍然是手动进行的。因此，提出了一个综合框架，在这两个阶段考虑适当的人为因素和人体工程学条件。首先，回顾了可持续制造的当前方法，例如全生命周期工程服务和持续维护。下一个，描述了一种基于先进的人机交互和软计算技术的维护和拆卸集成框架。在维护阶段，传感器网络会跟踪用户在维护操作期间执行的步骤。建议的网络可以考虑用户远离维护工作区域以及用户何时执行实际维护工作的情况。该跟踪数据和信息将作为比较的基础，以获得与维护质量相关的信息并提供实时的人体工程学反馈。该信息用于考虑人为因素的反汇编优化。符合工业4.0理念，该框架允许 (i) 改进维护质量，包括在拆卸和维护操作期间跟踪步骤，以及 (ii) 监控和考虑操作员的福利。实施案例研究以说明拟议的框架，然后对未来的工作进行讨论和总结。