Abstract Sensors and new materials can support optimised concrete maintenance, and produce the data needed to justify new, low carbon structural designs. While these technologies are affordable, the process of manual installation in a construction context comes with acute and unfamiliar risks to productivity, personnel safety, and confidence in the quality of workmanship. The installation of smart materials using robotics could address some of these issues, but there are few proofs-of-concept at the time of writing. Here, we present a robotically controlled process for spray coating geopolymers — a class of self-sensing concrete repair materials. By tuning mix design, robotic toolpaths and spray dispenser parameters, we show reliable and automated spray coating of 250 mm2 patches in a laboratory setting. The cured geopolymer has a compressive strength of 20 MPa, and a bond strength to the concrete substrate of 0.5 MPa. Electrical interrogation of patches, via a set of four electrodes, produces strain and temperature measurements of the underlying concrete substrate with resolutions of 1 μe and 0.2 °C, respectively. This demonstration multifunctional material deposition using robotics is a step towards remote, traceable, and low-risk technology deployment across civil engineering sectors. This could support more widespread adoption of novel concrete health monitoring and repair systems in future.

中文翻译：

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用于混凝土监测的自感应偏高岭土地质聚合物的机器人喷涂

摘要 传感器和新材料可以支持优化的混凝土维护，并生成证明新的低碳结构设计合理性所需的数据。虽然这些技术价格合理，但在建筑环境中手动安装的过程会给生产力、人员安全和对工艺质量的信心带来严重和陌生的风险。使用机器人安装智能材料可以解决其中一些问题，但在撰写本文时几乎没有概念证明。在这里，我们展示了一种用于喷涂地质聚合物的机器人控制过程 - 一类自感应混凝土修复材料。通过调整混合设计、机器人工具路径和喷雾分配器参数，我们在实验室环境中展示了 250 mm2 贴片的可靠和自动喷涂。固化的地质聚合物的抗压强度为 20 MPa，与混凝土基材的结合强度为 0.5 MPa。通过一组四个电极对贴片进行电询问，分别以 1 μe 和 0.2 °C 的分辨率对下面的混凝土基材进行应变和温度测量。这种使用机器人的演示多功能材料沉积是朝着跨土木工程部门的远程、可追溯和低风险技术部署迈出的一步。这可以支持未来更广泛地采用新型混凝土健康监测和修复系统。分别为 2°C。这种使用机器人的演示多功能材料沉积是朝着跨土木工程部门的远程、可追溯和低风险技术部署迈出的一步。这可以支持未来更广泛地采用新型混凝土健康监测和修复系统。2℃，分别。这种使用机器人的演示多功能材料沉积是朝着跨土木工程部门的远程、可追溯和低风险技术部署迈出的一步。这可以支持未来更广泛地采用新型混凝土健康监测和修复系统。