We assessed whether objectively measured low- and high-intensity physical activity (LPA and HPA) and sedentary time (ST) were associated with white matter connectivity, both throughout the whole brain and in brain regions involved in motor function. In the large population-based Maastricht Study (n = 1715, age 59.6 ± 8.1 (mean ± standard deviation) years, and 48% women), the amounts of LPA, HPA, and ST were objectively measured during 7 days by an activPAL accelerometer. In addition, using 3T structural and diffusion MRI, we calculated whole brain node degree and node degree of the basal ganglia and primary motor cortex. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed, and we report standardized regression coefficients (stβ) adjusted for age, sex, education level, wake time, diabetes status, BMI, office systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, total-cholesterol-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio, lipid-modifying medication, alcohol use, smoking status, and history of cardiovascular disease. Lower HPA was associated with lower whole brain node degree after full adjustment (stβ [95%CI] = − 0.062 [− 0.101, − 0.013]; p = 0.014), whereas lower LPA (stβ [95%CI] = − 0.013 [− 0.061, 0.034]; p = 0.580) and higher ST (stβ [95%CI] = − 0.030 [− 0.081, 0.021]; p = 0.250) was not. In addition, lower HPA was associated with lower node degree of the basal ganglia after full adjustment (stβ [95%CI] = − 0.070 [− 0.121, − 0.018]; p = 0.009). Objectively measured lower HPA, but not lower LPA and higher ST, was associated with lower whole brain node degree and node degree in specific brain regions highly specialized in motor function. Further research is needed to establish whether more HPA may preserve structural brain connectivity.

我们评估了客观测量的低强度和高强度体力活动（LPA 和 HPA）以及久坐时间（ST）是否与整个大脑和涉及运动功能的大脑区域的白质连接相关。在基于大规模人群的马斯特里赫特研究中（n = 1715，年龄 59.6 ± 8.1（平均值 ± 标准差）岁，48% 为女性），通过 activPAL 加速计在 7 天内客观测量了 LPA、HPA 和 ST 的量。此外，利用3T结构和扩散MRI，我们计算了全脑节点度以及基底节和初级运动皮层的节点度。进行了多变量线性回归分析，我们报告了根据年龄、性别、教育水平、醒来时间、糖尿病状况、BMI、办公室收缩压、抗高血压药物、总胆固醇与 HDL 胆固醇进行调整的标准化回归系数 (stβ)比例、调脂药物、饮酒、吸烟状况和心血管疾病史。完全调整后较低的 HPA 与较低的全脑节点程度相关 (stβ [95%CI] = − 0.062 [− 0.101, − 0.013]; p = 0.014)，而较低的 LPA (stβ [95%CI] = − 0.013 [ − 0.061, 0.034]；p = 0.580) 和更高的 ST (stβ [95%CI] = − 0.030 [− 0.081, 0.021]；p = 0.250) 则不然。此外，完全调整后，较低的 HPA 与较低的基底神经节结节程度相关（stβ [95%CI] = − 0.070 [− 0.121, − 0.018]；p = 0.009）。客观测量的较低的 HPA，而不是较低的 LPA 和较高的 ST，与较低的全脑节点度和高度专业化的运动功能特定大脑区域的节点度相关。需要进一步的研究来确定更多的 HPA 是否可以保持大脑的结构连接。