Groundwater has become the ultimate source for domestic consumption of many urban and rural populations in the world due to unavailability of sufficient good-quality surface water. Because of high spatiotemporal variation in occurrence and distribution of this diminishing resource, understanding its nature is important for sustainable development and use. Geospatial technology has made this tedious task simpler by offering a new avenue for groundwater potential zoning. The present study was attempted to identify groundwater potential zones in the Kalahandi district of Odisha with the application of remote sensing, geographic information system and analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Various features such as geomorphology, land use/land cover, soil, land slope, drainage and lineament density and dynamic groundwater were assigned weights according to the Saaty’s scale by considering their influences on groundwater potential. The weights were then normalized using AHP and eigenvector technique. ArcGIS 10.6.1 was used to integrate all the features for developing the groundwater potential map of the district. The area was demarcated into five groundwater prospect zones, namely ‘very good’, ‘good’, ‘moderate’, ‘poor’ and ‘very poor’ covering 19, 6, 34, 28 and 13% of the district, respectively. Thus, it can be inferred that there is ample scope of groundwater development as 59% of the area comes under moderate to very good groundwater zones. On the other hand, suitable strategies can be devised for groundwater augmentation in poor to very poor zones. This study will be useful in formulating suitable strategies for the management of groundwater resources of the district.

中文翻译：

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使用遥感、地理信息系统和层次分析法评估奥里萨邦（印度）Kalahandi 区的地下水潜力

由于缺乏足够的优质地表水，地下水已成为世界上许多城市和农村人口家庭消费的最终来源。由于这种不断减少的资源的发生和分布具有很大的时空变异性，因此了解其性质对于可持续发展和利用非常重要。地理空间技术为地下水潜力分区提供了一条新途径，使这项繁琐的任务变得更加简单。本研究试图通过应用遥感、地理信息系统和层次分析法 (AHP) 来确定奥里萨邦 Kalahandi 区的地下水潜在区。各种特征，如地貌、土地利用/土地覆盖、土壤、土地坡度、考虑到它们对地下水潜力的影响，根据 Saaty 尺度为排水和线性密度以及动态地下水分配权重。然后使用 AHP 和特征向量技术对权重进行归一化。ArcGIS 10.6.1 用于整合所有特征，用于开发该地区的地下水潜力图。该地区划分为“很好”、“好”、“中等”、“差”和“很差”五个地下水勘探区，分别占该区的19%、6%、34%、28%和13%。因此，可以推断地下水开发范围很广，59% 的地区位于中等至极好的地下水区。另一方面，可以设计合适的策略来增加贫困到非常贫困地区的地下水。