The common bean grown under straw of intercropped plants improves the cropping environment in no-tillage systems. In addition, nutrient supply from straw could reduce the use of topdressing nitrogen in common bean. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate under no-tillage system the effect of straw type and topdressing nitrogen doses in the irrigated common bean productive and qualitative attributes. The experimental design was in randomized blocks arranged in split-plots with four replications. The plots were composed by three straw types from different cropping systems, represented by sole maize, maize-intercropped with brachiaria and maize-intercropped with crotalaria. The subplots consisted of five topdressing N doses applied on common bean 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha−1 of nitrogen via urea (coated with polymers). The common bean grown under the straw of maize intercropped with crotalaria showed higher number of pods per plant, grain yield and lower time for maximum grain hydration when compared to those plants grown under the straw of sole maize. Moreover, the crude protein content in the common bean grains was greater when plants were grown under the straw of maize intercropped with crotalaria than the straw of maize intercropped with brachiaria. The agronomic efficiency of common bean was higher when the plants were grown under the straw of maize intercropped with crotalaria in the lowest nitrogen fertilization rate tested (50 kg ha−1). Leaf nitrogen content, grain yield, sieve yield and crude protein content in the grain increased with increasing nitrogen availability via topdressing. Therefore, the results suggest that agronomic and qualitative characteristics of common bean are benefited when cultivated on the maize straw combined with crotalaria even reducing up to 50% the requirement of nitrogen fertilization.

中文翻译：

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秸秆类型和施氮肥对冬季普通豆产量和品质的影响

在间作植物的秸秆下种植的普通豆改善了免耕系统的种植环境。此外，秸秆养分供应可减少普通豆类追施氮肥的使用。因此，这项工作的目的是在免耕系统下评估秸秆类型和追施氮剂量对灌溉普通豆类生产和质量属性的影响。实验设计是在四次重复的分裂区中排列的随机区组。样地由来自不同种植系统的三种秸秆类型组成，分别是单作玉米、玉米与臂带属间作和玉米与牛羊座间作。子地块包括通过尿素（涂有聚合物）在普通豆 0、50、100、150 和 200 kg ha-1 氮上施用的五个追施氮剂量。与单用玉米秸秆间作的普通豆类相比，在玉米秸秆下与 crotalaria 间作的普通豆类显示出更高的单株豆荚数、更高的谷物产量和更短的谷物最大水化时间。此外，在玉米秸秆与牛蒡间作的情况下，普通豆粒中的粗蛋白质含量高于与臂胨间作的玉米秸秆。以最低的氮肥施用率（50 kg ha-1）将植株种植在玉米秸秆与牛角豆间作时，普通豆的农艺效率更高。叶片氮含量、籽粒产量、筛分产量和籽粒中粗蛋白含量随着追肥氮利用率的增加而增加。所以，