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Factors affecting the variation of permeability with depth in carbonate aquifers
Hydrogeology Journal ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s10040-020-02247-2
Stephen R. H. Worthington

The permeability of carbonate aquifers varies widely, but the major factors that influence changes in permeability with depth are not well established. Trends in permeability and solute concentration data were analysed for four carbonate aquifers where data were available over a wide range of depths. The Deep Geologic Repository (Ontario, Canada), Edwards Aquifer (Texas, USA), and Chalk aquifer (England, UK) all had permeability data from wells, supplemented by numerical groundwater flow models. There were no permeability data from wells for the fourth site, the Arabika Massif in the Caucasus Mountains (Abkhazia, Georgia). However, the permeability could be calculated from the water-table gradient. It was found that high permeabilities are associated with low solute concentrations, but there is a weak correlation between permeability and depth. The highest permeabilities are found in the freshwater zone, where total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations are <1,000 mg/L. The presence of aquitards which limit vertical flow were the prime factor in determining the depth of the freshwater zone. This depth varied from 40 m at the Ontario site to >2,000 m below the surface in the Caucasus Mountains. This study highlights the importance of dissolution, the link between permeability and both solute concentrations and flow rate, and how aquitards can play a pivotal role in how permeability varies as a function of depth.



中文翻译:

影响碳酸盐岩含水层渗透率随深度变化的因素

碳酸盐含水层的渗透率变化很大,但是影响渗透率随深度变化的主要因素尚不明确。分析了四种碳酸盐含水层的渗透率和溶质浓度数据趋势,这些数据在很宽的深度范围内均可获得。深层地质处置库(加拿大安大略省),爱德华兹·阿奎弗尔(美国得克萨斯州)和粉笔村含水层(英国英格兰)都具有井的渗透率数据,并辅以数值地下水流模型。在第四个站点高加索山脉(乔治亚州阿布哈兹)的Arabika断层井中没有渗透率数据。但是,渗透率可以根据地下水位梯度来计算。发现高渗透率与低溶质浓度有关,但渗透率与深度之间的相关性较弱。最高的渗透率出现在淡水区,那里的总溶解固体(TDS)浓度<1,000 mg / L。限制垂直流动的无水quit子的存在是确定淡水区深度的主要因素。该深度从安大略站点的40 m到高加索山脉地表以下的2,000 m不等。这项研究突出了溶解的重要性,渗透率与溶质浓度和流速之间的联系,以及无水s鱼如何在渗透率随深度变化的过程中起关键作用。该深度从安大略站点的40 m到高加索山脉地表以下的2,000 m不等。这项研究突出了溶解的重要性,渗透率与溶质浓度和流速之间的联系,以及无水s鱼如何在渗透率随深度变化的过程中起关键作用。该深度从安大略站点的40 m到高加索山脉地表以下的2,000 m不等。这项研究突出了溶解的重要性,渗透率与溶质浓度和流速之间的联系,以及无水s鱼如何在渗透率随深度变化的过程中起关键作用。

更新日期:2020-10-11
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