Masonry arches are usually composed of individual blocks or voussoirs, which are highly discontinuous and nonlinear, and it is extremely difficult or even impossible to simulate their collapse behavior using finite element methods. Therefore, a combined finite–discrete element method (FDEM) is employed to simulate the collapse behavior of dry-joint masonry arches induced by spreading supports. With finite elements incorporated into discrete elements, both the deformation of arch voussoirs and the interaction between them such as contact can be predicted accurately. Moreover, a cohesive fracture model is implemented to simulate the potential rupture of masonry voussoirs. Based on them, several examples are validated with experiments, and the results indicate that the FDEM is able to simulate the collapse of masonry arches well. Furthermore, a parametric study is conducted on selected geometric and physical parameters to investigate the collapse of masonry arches due to support movements. The influences of friction and voussoir fracture where limited attention was paid to are also examined.

砌体拱通常由高度不连续且非线性的单个块或拱形结构组成，使用有限元方法模拟其塌陷行为极为困难，甚至不可能。因此，采用组合有限元法（FDEM）来模拟扩展支撑引起的干砌砌体拱的倒塌行为。通过将有限元并入离散元素中，可以准确预测拱形拱顶的变形以及它们之间的相互作用（例如接触）。此外，采用内聚破裂模型来模拟砖石房屋的潜在破裂。在此基础上，通过实验验证了几个实例，结果表明，FDEM能够很好地模拟砌体拱的倒塌。此外，对选定的几何和物理参数进行了参数研究，以研究由于支撑运动而导致的砌体拱倒塌。还研究了摩擦和Voussoir骨折受到关注的影响。