Abstract Thick coatings, up to few microns, of the active material are necessary for the preparation and commercialization of electrode materials for energy storage applications, as thin layers of active material drains out of the current collector after a few cycles. Moreover, larger mass loading of the active material is required for high energy density pseudocapacitor applications as more active material involves more redox reactions to store large amount of charge. This study reports thick electrodeposits of vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) on nickel foam substrate and its evaluation as supercapacitor electrode material. Vanadium pentoxide with thickness of 3–5 μm were successfully electrodeposited (potentiostatically and galvanostatically) on metallic nickel foam to obtain potentiostatically electrodeposited V 2 O 5 on nickel foam (PE-V 2 O 5 Ni) and galvanostatically electrodeposited V 2 O 5 on nickel foam (GE-V 2 O 5 Ni), respectively. The PE-V 2 O 5 Ni electrode with layered morphologies exhibits more charge storage and discharge capability than spherically dense morphologies of GE-V 2 O 5 Ni electrodes. The synthesized electrode materials were structurally, morphologically and chemically characterized through X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The PE-V 2 O 5 Ni and GE-V 2 O 5 Ni exhibited gravimetric capacitance of 657 and 421 F g −1 with tremendous stability in the polypropylene carbonate electrolyte. Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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在泡沫镍上电沉积厚的 V2O5 涂层作为超级电容器的无粘合剂电极

摘要 活性材料的厚涂层（可达几微米）对于用于储能应用的电极材料的制备和商业化是必要的，因为活性材料的薄层在几个循环后会从集电器中排出。此外，高能量密度赝电容器应用需要更大质量的活性材料负载，因为更多的活性材料涉及更多的氧化还原反应以存储大量电荷。该研究报告了在泡沫镍基材上厚厚的五氧化二钒 (V 2 O 5 ) 电沉积物及其作为超级电容器电极材料的评估。将厚度为 3-5 μm 的五氧化二钒成功地电沉积（恒电位和恒电流）在金属镍泡沫上，获得了泡沫镍（PE-V 2 O 5 Ni）上的恒电位电沉积 V 2 O 5 和镍上的恒电流电沉积 V 2 O 5泡沫（GE-V 2 O 5 Ni）。具有层状形态的 PE-V 2 O 5 Ni 电极比 GE-V 2 O 5 Ni 电极的球形致密形态表现出更高的电荷存储和放电能力。通过X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X射线光谱对合成的电极材料进行结构、形态和化学表征。PE-V 2 O 5 Ni 和GE-V 2 O 5 Ni 表现出657 和421 F g -1 的重量电容，在聚碳酸亚丙酯电解质中具有极大的稳定性。图形摘要