The main goal of this paper is to explore possible cultural continuities and discontinuities at the Neolithic transition in Eastern Iberia. To address this issue, we introduce a twofold methodology, consisting of Geometric Morphometrics and the use of the self-developed Geomeasure system, to examine evolutionary patterns in geometric microliths. These are a specific type of arrowhead shared by both the last hunter-gatherers and the first farmers from two reference sites in the region: Cueva de la Cocina and Cova de l’Or (Eastern Iberia). Although advances in research have contributed to a better comprehension of this process, there are still unanswered questions, especially when the study is approached from a regional perspective. Such is the case for the Neolithisation of the Eastern Iberian Peninsula, and the way in which the previous Mesolithic population interacted—if they interacted at all—with the first farmers. In this case, some sites present archaeological contexts that have been catalogued as acculturation contexts. This has traditionally been the case for phase C of Cueva de la Cocina (Spain), although recent research points to the possibility that the content of this specific deposit is the result of post-depositional processes. Here we try first to understand the cultural evolutionary patterns and relations between the different geometric microlith technocomplexes and, second, to address the specific problem of the interpretation of taphonomic disturbances in the archaeological record. We use the Cueva de l’Or and the Cueva de la Cocina for comparison, and our conclusions raise serious doubts about the existence of an acculturation phase at the latter.

本文的主要目的是探索伊比利亚东部新石器时代过渡时期可能的文化连续性和不连续性。为了解决这个问题，我们介绍了一种双重方法，包括几何形态计量学和使用自行开发的Geomeasure系统，以检查几何微石中的演化模式。这些是箭头的一种特定类型，最后一个狩猎采集者和该地区两个参考地点（库伊巴德拉科西纳和科瓦德奥尔（东部伊比利亚））的第一批农民都拥有这种箭头。尽管研究的进展有助于更好地理解这一过程，但仍然存在未解决的问题，特别是从区域角度进行研究时。东伊比利亚半岛的新石器时代就是这种情况，以及以前的中石器时代人群与第一批农民的相互作用方式（如果有的话）。在这种情况下，某些站点呈现的考古环境已被分类为适应环境。传统上，西班牙库瓦德拉科西纳（Cueva de la Cocina）C期是这种情况，尽管最近的研究指出，这种特殊沉积物的含量可能是沉积后过程的结果。在这里，我们首先尝试了解文化演化模式以及不同几何微石技术复合体之间的关系，其次要解决考古记录中对塔基扰动的解释的特定问题。我们使用Cueva de l'Or和Cueva de la Cocina作比较，我们的结论使人们对后者的文化适应阶段存在严重怀疑。