Background: A temporary increase in the occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011 was reported; however, no studies have been conducted to investigate long-term effects. We assessed the long-term impact of the disaster on the incidence of CVDs. Methods: Incidence data for CVDs from 2008 to 2017 were acquired from the population-based Stroke Registry with an inventory survey of Iwate Prefecture, Japan. Part of the coastal area in Iwate Prefecture was mildly flooded and the other part was severely flooded. Age-adjusted incidence rates of CVDs (according to the Japanese standard population) were calculated for each area. The relative risk (RR) of incidence based on the years before the disaster (2008–2010), adjusted by stratified age groups, was calculated for the year of the disaster (2011), and the years after the disaster (2012–2017) in each area. Results: The age-adjusted incidence rates gradually decreased in all areas, with the exception of a temporary increase among men who lived on the coast the year the disaster occurred. The adjusted RR in the disaster year were not significant in any area and those of the postdisaster years were 0.91 (95% CI 0.87–0.96) for all inland men, 0.93 (0.89–0.97) for all inland women, 0.85 (0.78–0.93) for all coastal men, 0.87 (0.81–0.94) for all coastal women, 0.88 (0.80–0.98) for men at mildly flooded coast, 0.82 (0.75–0.89) for women at mildly flooded coast, 0.79 (0.68–0.91) for men at severely flooded coast, and 0.98 (0.86–1.11) for women at severely flooded coast. Conclusions: The occurrence of CVDs in the flooded coastal areas did not increase in the year of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami; furthermore, it decreased for men according to the severity of flood damage in the subsequent years; this can be attributed to supportive activities for the tsunami victims and the migration of the population.
Cerebrovasc Dis Extra 2020;10:105–115

中文翻译：

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2011年东日本大地震和海啸后脑血管疾病的发生率下降

背景：据报道，2011年东日本大地震和海啸后，脑血管疾病（CVD）的发生暂时增加；但是，尚未进行任何研究来研究长期影响。我们评估了灾难对CVD的长期影响。方法：从人群中风登记处获得了2008年至2017年CVD的发病率数据，并进行了日本岩手县的清单调查。岩手县沿海地区的一部分被轻度淹没，另一部分被严重淹没。计算每个区域的年龄调整后的CVD发生率（根据日本标准人群）。根据灾害发生前的年份（2008-2010年）（按分层年龄组进行调整），计算了灾害发生年份（2011年）和灾害发生之后的年份（2012-2017年）的相对危险度（RR）在每个区域。结果：在所有地区，按年龄调整的发病率均逐渐下降，但灾难发生当年在沿海沿岸居住的男性暂时增加了。灾区的调整后RR在任何地区均不显着，灾后年份的所有内陆男性为0.91（95％CI 0.87-0.96），所有内陆女性为0.93（0.89-0.97），0.85（0.78-0.93） ）对于所有沿海男性，对于所有沿海女性，为0.87（0.81-0.94），对于处于轻度泛滥的海岸，男性为0.88（0.80-0.98），对于处于轻微泛滥的海岸，女性为0.82（0.75-0.89），对于严重淹没海岸的男性为0.98（0.86-1.11）。结论：在东日本大地震和海啸年份，水淹沿海地区的CVD发生没有增加。此外，根据随后几年洪水灾害的严重程度，男性的发病率有所下降。这可以归因于对海啸受害者的支持性活动和人口迁移。
Cerebrovasc Dis Extra 2020; 10：105–115