Growth and immune status of monosex Nile tilapia produced through dietary treatment with solvent extracts of four plant materials were analysed. Nile tilapia juveniles (mean weight 0.025 ± 0.009g) were fed diet containing 17α‐methyltestosterone (10 mg/kg feed, MT), Basella alba leaf ethanol extract (1.0 g/kg feed, EB), Tribulus terrestris seed ethanol extract (2.0 g/kg feed, ET), Mucuna pruriens seed methanol extract (0.2 g/kg feed, MM), Asparagus racemosus root methanol extract (0.2 g/kg feed, MA) for 30 days followed by basal diet for 90 days. The control group was fed basal diet for 120 days. MT, EB, ET and MA showed significantly (p < .05) higher male (%), final weight (g), final length (mm), weight gain (g), specific growth rate (%) compared with control and MM. EB and MA showed significantly (p < .05) better immunostimulatory (phagocytic, lysozyme activities, respiratory burst), haematological, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity compared with other treatment groups. MT, EB, ET and MA showed significantly (p < .05) higher level of GH, IGF‐1 and 11‐KT compared with control and MM. The growth and health promoting, and immunostimulating efficacy of plant extracts may be attributed to the presence of steroidal saponins and polyphenols in them. EB and MA were more potent in growth promotion, immunostimulation and adaptogenic potential compared with other two plant materials. These two plant materials may be used as an environment friendly safe alternative to MT for production and culture of monosex Nile tilapia.

中文翻译：

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四种植物提取物对尼罗罗非鱼，尼罗罗非鱼的生长，性逆转，免疫和血液生化指标的影响（Linnaeus，1758年）

分析了四种植物材料的溶剂提取物通过饮食处理产生的单性尼罗罗非鱼的生长和免疫状况。尼罗罗非鱼幼体（平均体重±0.0250.009克）加入含有17α-甲饮食（10毫克/千克饲料，MT），落葵叶乙醇提取物（1.0克/千克饲料，EB），茨种子乙醇提取物（2.0 g / kg饲料，ET），毛豆种子甲醇提取物（0.2 g / kg饲料，MM），消旋芦笋根甲醇提取物（0.2 g / kg饲料，MA），持续30天，然后基础饮食90天。对照组喂养基础饮食120天。MT，EB，ET和MA显着（p <.05）与对照组和MM相比，男性（％），最终体重（g），最终长度（mm），体重增加（g），比生长率（％）高。 与其他治疗组相比，EB和MA显示出显着（p <.05）更好的免疫刺激（吞噬，溶菌酶活性，呼吸爆发），血液学，抗氧化剂和保肝活性。MT，EB，ET和MA显着（p <.05）与对照组和MM相比，GH，IGF-1和11-KT的水平更高。植物提取物的生长和健康促进以及免疫刺激功效可能归因于其中存在类固醇皂苷和多酚。与其他两种植物材料相比，EB和MA在生长促进，免疫刺激和适应原潜能方面更有效。这两种植物材料可以用作MT的环保型安全替代品，用于生产和养殖单性尼罗罗非鱼。