Echocardiographic studies in human neonatology has demonstrated that prematurity can lead to cardiovascular dysfunction and especially compromises the left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic functions. As echocardiographic studies have not been performed on cardiovascular dysfunction in premature calves, we echocardiographically evaluated and compared the LV systolic and diastolic function in full-term and premature calves. We followed the hemodynamical changes of LV during first 3 days of life. Twenty premature calves and 10 healthy term calves were enrolled in the study. 2D, M-mode and Doppler echocardiographic examinations were performed at days 1, 2 and 3 after birth to evaluate LV systolic and diastolic functions. Our findings demonstrated that not only was there LV diastolic dysfunction (55% premature calves, 10% term calf at day 1; 65% premature calves, 10% term calf at day 2 and, 75% premature calves, 20% term calf at day 3), but also LV systolic dysfunction (55% premature calves, 60% term calf at day 1; 55% premature calves, 50% term calf at day 2, and 45% premature calves, 40% term calf at day 3) deteriorated in both term and premature calves. In conclusion, the present study, which was the first comparative echocardiographic assessment of LV systolic and diastolic functions in term and premature newborn calves, showed that both systolic and diastolic dysfunctions might occur in term and premature calves.

中文翻译：

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足月和早产新生儿左心室收缩和舒张功能的时间顺序超声心动图评估

人类新生儿的超声心动图研究表明，早产会导致心血管功能障碍，尤其会损害左心室 (LV) 的收缩和舒张功能。由于尚未对早产小牛的心血管功能障碍进行超声心动图研究，我们通过超声心动图评估和比较足月和早产小牛的 LV 收缩和舒张功能。我们在生命的前 3 天跟踪了 LV 的血流动力学变化。20 只早产小牛和 10 只健康足月小牛参加了这项研究。在出生后第 1、2 和 3 天进行 2D、M 型和多普勒超声心动图检查，以评估 LV 收缩和舒张功能。我们的研究结果表明，不仅存在 LV 舒张功能障碍（第 1 天 55% 的早产小牛，10% 的足月小牛；65% 早产小牛，10% 早产小牛在第 2 天，75% 早产小牛，20% 早产小牛在第 3 天），还有 LV 收缩功能障碍（55% 早产小牛，60% 早产小牛在第 1 天；55% 早产小牛、第 2 天 50% 的足月小牛和 45% 的早产小牛、第 3 天的 40% 足月小牛）在足月和早产小牛中都恶化了。总之，本研究是足月和早产小牛 LV 收缩和舒张功能的首次比较超声心动图评估，表明足月和早产小牛可能发生收缩和舒张功能障碍。40% 的足月小牛在第 3 天）在足月和早产小牛中恶化。总之，本研究是足月和早产小牛 LV 收缩和舒张功能的首次比较超声心动图评估，表明足月和早产小牛可能发生收缩和舒张功能障碍。40% 的足月小牛在第 3 天）在足月和早产小牛中恶化。总之，本研究是足月和早产小牛 LV 收缩和舒张功能的首次比较超声心动图评估，表明足月和早产小牛可能发生收缩和舒张功能障碍。