Recently, the concept of precision nutrition has emerged in aquaculture, and there is increasing discussion on this topic. Some researchers have defined precision nutrition as precision feeding, which means that the nutrient contents of feed should meet the requirements for an animal’s optimal production performance and achieve minimum fodder waste at the same time. In practice, precision nutrition should include a comprehensive survey of the animal’s genetic background, living habits, metabolic characteristics, water ecological environment and other factors. Precision nutritional regulation covers every level, from genes, cells, and tissues to the whole organism. Through interacting with genes, nutrients activate or inhibit signalling pathways/networks within cells, which regulate gene expression and protein synthesis and subsequently affect the composition, content and deposition sites of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and trace elements. Therefore, we propose that precision nutritional intervention needs to be carried out from the perspectives of ‘precision feeding’, ‘precision metabolism’, ‘precision output’ and ‘precision support’ simultaneously. This review intends to elaborate the concept evolution, theoretical system, and composition of the technical system, together with other aspects of precision nutritional regulation. This knowledge will provide a theoretical reference for the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry and the harvesting of quality products.

最近，在水产养殖中出现了精确营养的概念，对此话题的讨论也越来越多。一些研究人员将精确营养定义为精确饲喂，这意味着饲料中的营养成分应满足动物最佳生产性能的要求，并同时减少饲料浪费。实际上，精确营养应包括对动物遗传背景，生活习惯，代谢特征，水生态环境和其他因素的全面调查。精确的营养调节涵盖从基因，细胞和组织到整个有机体的各个层次。通过与基因相互作用，营养物质会激活或抑制细胞内的信号通路/网络，它调节基因表达和蛋白质合成，进而影响碳水化合物，脂质，蛋白质和微量元素的组成，含量和沉积位点。因此，我们建议从“精确喂养”，“精确代谢”，“精确输出”和“精确支持”的角度同时进行精确营养干预。这篇综述旨在阐述概念演变，理论体系和技术体系的组成，以及精确的营养调节的其他方面。这些知识将为水产养殖业的可持续发展和优质产品的收获提供理论参考。我们建议从“精确喂养”，“精确代谢”，“精确输出”和“精确支持”的角度同时进行精确营养干预。这篇综述旨在阐述概念演变，理论体系和技术体系的组成，以及精确的营养调节的其他方面。这些知识将为水产养殖业的可持续发展和优质产品的收获提供理论参考。我们建议从“精确喂养”，“精确代谢”，“精确输出”和“精确支持”的角度同时进行精确营养干预。这篇综述旨在阐述概念演变，理论体系和技术体系的组成，以及精确的营养调节的其他方面。这些知识将为水产养殖业的可持续发展和优质产品的收获提供理论参考。以及其他精确的营养调节方面。这些知识将为水产养殖业的可持续发展和优质产品的收获提供理论参考。以及其他精确的营养调节方面。这些知识将为水产养殖业的可持续发展和优质产品的收获提供理论参考。