Abstract

A biofilm of microorganisms that are characterized by high tolerance and destructive efficiency with respect to the actual level of the initial concentrations of the target substance is formed when filtering xenobiotic-contaminated water through biologically active carbon (BAC). The technological possibilities of prolongation of the effective water processing on BAC are extended using biological and chemical regeneration processes. However, a special recovery procedure is necessary for chemically regenerated water, since the concentrations of target substances in it will be tens to hundreds times higher than their content in water filtered through BAC. The scheme of alkaline regeneration of BAC includes the partial washing-out of the biofilm from the bed in order to preserve the adapted consortium of microorganisms for subsequent culturing on the regenerated sorbent. In a batch apparatus designed to maintain and activate the life of the microflora washed out from the natural biofilm culture, the processes of preservation and acclimatization of microorganisms to a higher xenobiotic concentration are implemented to subsequently use the adapted biomass for recycling regenerated wastewater. The efficiency of the kinetics of destruction of 2-chlorophenol (CP) in the solution volume by microorganisms of the biomass washed out from the biofilm of the working bed of BAC is studied. The rate of destruction of CP by the biomass (X₀) washed out from BAC is well described by the Haldane–Andrews kinetics. Sequential increases in the initial concentration of CP (C₀) and in the C₀ : X₀ ratio lead to increases in the amount of specialized microflora in the biomass and in its activity manifested in the growth of the specific rate constant of ChP destruction. The biomass can be easily acclimatized to CP concentrations higher than those achieved in this study (90–100 mg/dm³). The ability of microorganisms to quickly adapt to high concentrations of xenobiotics opens up prospects for the successful use of the suspended biofilm biomass in the recycling of wastewater from chemical regeneration of BAC.

中文翻译：

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从生物活性炭中洗脱出来的生物质降解2-氯苯酚的动力学

摘要

当通过生物活性炭（BAC）过滤被异物污染的水时，就形成了具有高耐受性和相对于目标物质的初始浓度的实际水平具有破坏性的特征的微生物生物膜。使用生物和化学再生工艺可以延长在BAC上进行有效水处理的技术可能性。但是，化学再生水必须采用特殊的回收程序，因为其中目标物质的浓度将比通过BAC过滤的水中目标物质的浓度高数十至数百倍。BAC的碱性再生方案包括从床中部分洗脱生物膜，以保留适应的微生物群落，以便随后在再生的吸附剂上进行培养。在设计用于维持和激活从天然生物膜培养物中洗出的微生物群的寿命的分批装置中，实施了微生物的保存和驯化至更高的外源生物浓度的过程，以随后使用适应的生物质来循环再生废水。研究了从BAC工作床生物膜上冲走的生物质微生物破坏溶液体积中2-氯苯酚（CP）的动力学。生物质对CP的破坏率（在设计用于维持和激活从天然生物膜培养物中洗出的微生物群的寿命的分批装置中，实施了微生物的保存和驯化至更高的外源生物浓度的过程，以随后使用适应的生物质来循环再生废水。研究了从BAC工作床生物膜上冲走的生物质微生物破坏溶液体积中2-氯苯酚（CP）的动力学。生物质对CP的破坏率（在设计用于维持和激活从天然生物膜培养物中洗出的微生物群的寿命的分批装置中，实施了微生物的保存和驯化至更高的外源生物浓度的过程，以随后使用适应的生物质来循环再生废水。研究了从BAC工作床生物膜上冲走的生物质微生物破坏溶液体积中2-氯苯酚（CP）的动力学。生物质对CP的破坏率（研究了从BAC工作床生物膜上冲走的生物质微生物破坏溶液体积中2-氯苯酚（CP）的动力学。生物质对CP的破坏率（研究了从BAC工作床生物膜上冲走的生物质微生物破坏溶液体积中2-氯苯酚（CP）的动力学。生物质对CP的破坏率（Haldane-Andrews动力学很好地描述了从BAC洗掉的X ₀）。CP（C ₀）的初始浓度和C ₀：X ₀比率的顺序增加导致生物量中特定微生物区系的数量增加，其活性表现为ChP破坏的比速率常数的增长。生物质可以很容易地适应CP浓度，使其高于本研究中所达到的浓度（90-100 mg / dm ³）。微生物快速适应高浓度异种生物的能力为成功利用悬浮生物膜生物质用于BAC的化学再生废水回收提供了前景。