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Plasma Scraping of 14 C Surface Nanolayer Formed by Neutron Fluence of Graphite Reactor
Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2020-10-08 , DOI: 10.1134/s1027451020070393
A. Petrovskaya , A. Kladkov , S. Surov , A. Tsyganov

Abstract

In this article, we consider some mechanisms of the formation of a nanometer-thick surface layer enriched with 14C isotope. Main channel of 14C surface accumulation is believed to be the neutron capture reaction with 14N atoms of the cooling gas mixture during operation of uranium-graphite reactors, in particular, a high-power channel-type reactor (RBMK-type reactor). For the “dry” collection of thin layers enriched in 14C isotope from the irradiated graphite surface of graphite-type nuclear reactor and further compact burial, we propose argon plasma discharge technology based on the special type of a microdischarge at a high pressure, up to atmospheric pressure. In addition, there are some important technical applications, such as brachytherapy medicine or new beta-voltaic batteries, which require the deposition of thin layers of beta-active isotopes (e.g. 14C) with nanoscale precision to form a controlled output energy spectrum of secondary electrons. The proposed technological scheme can potentially be used both for graphite deactivation in the irradiated reactor during decommissioning of uranium-graphite reactors, and at the same time for fabrication of highly concentrated 14C nanosized coatings for use in radionuclide medicine and beta-voltaic batteries.



中文翻译:

石墨反应堆中子注量形成的14 C表面纳米层的等离子体刮削

摘要

在本文中,我们考虑了形成富含14 C同位素的纳米厚表面层的一些机理。据信,14 C表面累积的主要通道是在铀-石墨反应堆,特别是大功率通道型反应堆(RBMK型反应堆)运行期间与冷却气体混合物中14 N原子的中子捕获反应。对于“干燥”的薄层,浓缩了14种来自石墨型核反应堆的辐照石墨表面的C同位素以及进一步致密的埋葬,我们基于特殊的微放电类型,在高压下(高达大气压),提出了氩等离子体放电技术。此外,还有一些重要的技术应用,例如近距离放射治疗药物或新的β电池,它们需要沉积具有纳米级精度的β活性同位素(例如14 C)薄层,以形成次级的受控输出能谱电子。所提议的技术方案既可以用于铀-石墨反应堆退役期间的辐照反应堆中的石墨失活,也可以同时用于制造高浓度14用于放射性核素药物和β-电池的C纳米涂料。

更新日期:2020-10-08
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