Grewia flavescens Juss. is an underutilised fruit species found throughout semi-arid and sub-humid parts of the world including India. For the first time, an attempt was made to study the role of different flower visitors on fruit set of G. flavescens. We have recorded different floral visitors, activity patterns, foraging behavior and their role in fruit set. A total of 25 species of floral visitors were recorded, of which Megachilidae (48.35%) was the most abundant group followed by Apidae (27.21%), Halictidae (10.29%) and others (14.15%). Among floral visitors, the foraging rate and foraging speed of Megachile and Xylocopa were studied. They were also effective in depositing more pollen on the stigmatic surface per visit than other flower visitors. Fruit-set was higher (71.42%) in open pollinated flowers than in artificial-cross pollinated (68.33%). Whereas, artificially-selfed and pollinator excluded flowers resulted in the lowest fruit-set (22.22% and 8.95%, respectively). G. flavescens is a self-compatible species but favouring cross pollination and also exhibited delayed self pollination to ensure reproductive success in the absence of an effective pollinator.

中文翻译：

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Grewia flavescens Juss 中的野生蜜蜂授粉。

苦参 Juss。是一种未充分利用的水果品种，遍布世界的半干旱和半湿润地区，包括印度。首次尝试研究不同花客对苦参坐果的作用。我们记录了不同的花卉访客、活动模式、觅食行为及其在坐果中的作用。共记录到25种花卉访客，其中蜂科（48.35%）数量最多，其次是蜂科（27.21%）、海蜂科（10.29%）等（14.15%）。在花卉访客中，研究了Megachile和Xylocopa的觅食率和觅食速度。与其他花卉访客相比，它们在每次访问时在柱头表面沉积更多的花粉方面也很有效。开放授粉花的坐果率 (71.42%) 高于人工异花授粉 (68. 33%）。而人工自交和排除传粉媒介的花导致坐果率最低（分别为 22.22% 和 8.95%）。G. flavescens 是一种自相容物种，但有利于异花授粉，并且还表现出延迟自花授粉以确保在没有有效传粉媒介的情况下繁殖成功。