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Molecular mechanisms of olfactory detection in insects: beyond receptors
Open Biology ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 , DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200252
Hayden R Schmidt 1 , Richard Benton 1
Affiliation  

Insects thrive in diverse ecological niches in large part because of their highly sophisticated olfactory systems. Over the last two decades, a major focus in the study of insect olfaction has been on the role of olfactory receptors in mediating neuronal responses to environmental chemicals. In vivo, these receptors operate in specialized structures, called sensilla, which comprise neurons and non-neuronal support cells, extracellular lymph fluid and a precisely shaped cuticle. While sensilla are inherent to odour sensing in insects, we are only just beginning to understand their construction and function. Here, we review recent work that illuminates how odour-evoked neuronal activity is impacted by sensillar morphology, lymph fluid biochemistry, accessory signalling molecules in neurons and the physiological crosstalk between sensillar cells. These advances reveal multi-layered molecular and cellular mechanisms that determine the selectivity, sensitivity and dynamic modulation of odour-evoked responses in insects.



中文翻译:

昆虫嗅觉检测的分子机制:超越受体

昆虫在不同的生态位中茁壮成长在很大程度上是因为它们高度复杂的嗅觉系统。在过去的二十年里,昆虫嗅觉研究的一个主要焦点是嗅觉受体在介导对环境化学物质的神经元反应中的作用。体内,这些受体在称为感受器的特殊结构中运作,其包括神经元和非神经元支持细胞、细胞外淋巴液和精确形状的角质层。虽然感器是昆虫气味感知所固有的,但我们才刚刚开始了解它们的构造和功能。在这里,我们回顾了最近的工作,这些工作阐明了气味诱发的神经元活动如何受到感觉器形态学、淋巴液生物化学、神经元中的辅助信号分子以及感觉器细胞之间的生理串扰的影响。这些进展揭示了决定昆虫气味诱发反应的选择性、敏感性和动态调节的多层分子和细胞机制。

更新日期:2020-10-07
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