During development glial cell are crucially important for the establishment of neuronal networks. Proliferation and migration of glial cells can be modulated by neurons, and in turn glial cells can differentiate to assume key roles such as axonal wrapping and targeting. To explore the roles of actin cytoskeletal rearrangements in glial cells, we studied the function of Rho1 in Drosophila developing visual system. We show that the Pebble (RhoGEF)/Rho1/Anillin pathway is required for glia proliferation and to prevent the formation of large polyploid perineurial glial cells, which can still migrate into the eye disc if generated. Surprisingly, this Rho1 pathway is not necessary to establish the total glial membrane area or for the differentiation of the polyploid perineurial cells. The resulting polyploid wrapping glial cells are able to initiate wrapping of axons in the basal eye disc, however the arrangement and density of glia nuclei and membrane processes in the optic stalk are altered and the ensheathing of the photoreceptor axonal fascicles is reduced.

中文翻译：

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Pebble / Rho1 / Anillin通路控制果蝇眼神经胶质细胞中的多倍体化和轴突包裹活性。

在发育过程中，神经胶质细胞对于神经网络的建立至关重要。神经细胞可以调节神经胶质细胞的增殖和迁移，进而使神经胶质细胞分化以承担关键作用，例如轴突包裹和靶向。为了探索肌动蛋白细胞骨架重排在神经胶质细胞中的作用，我们研究了果蝇发育视觉系统中Rho1的功能。我们显示卵石（RhoGEF）/ Rho1 / Anillin通路是神经胶质细胞增殖和防止形成大的多倍体神经周神经胶质细胞的必要条件，如果产生，神经胶质细胞仍可迁移到眼球中。出人意料的是，该Rho1途径对于建立总的神经胶质膜面积或分化多倍性神经周神经细胞不是必需的。