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Human Keratinocyte Response to Superantigens
mSphere ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 , DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00803-20
Patrick M Schlievert 1 , Francoise A Gourronc 2 , Donald Y M Leung 3 , Aloysius J Klingelhutz 2
Affiliation  

Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes are significant human pathogens, causing infections at multiple body sites, including across the skin. Both are organisms that cause human diseases and secrete superantigens, including toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs), and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SPEs). On the skin, human keratinocytes represent the first cell type to encounter these superantigens. We employed transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) to evaluate the human primary keratinocyte response to both TSST-1 and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in triplicate analyses. Both superantigens caused large numbers of genes to be up- and downregulated. The genes that exhibited 2-fold differential gene expression compared to vehicle-treated cells, whether up- or downregulated, totaled 5,773 for TSST-1 and 4,320 for SEB. Of these, 4,482 were significantly upregulated by exposure of keratinocytes to TSST-1, whereas 1,291 were downregulated. For SEB, expression levels of 3,785 genes were upregulated, whereas those of 535 were downregulated. There was the expected high overlap in both upregulation (3,412 genes) and downregulation (400 genes). Significantly upregulated genes included those associated with chemokine production, with the possibility of stimulation of inflammation. We also tested an immortalized human keratinocyte line, from a different donor, for chemokine response to four superantigens. TSST-1 and SEB caused production of interleukin-8 (IL-8), MIP-3α, and IL-33. SPEA and SPEC were evaluated for stimulation of expression of IL-8 as a representative chemokine; both stimulated production of IL-8.

中文翻译:

人角质形成细胞对超抗原的反应

金黄色葡萄球菌化脓性链球菌是重要的人类病原体,可在包括皮肤在内的多个身体部位引起感染。两者都是引起人类疾病并分泌超抗原的生物,包括毒素休克综合症毒素1(TSST-1),葡萄球菌肠毒素(SEs)和链球菌热原性外毒素(SPEs)。在皮肤上,人角质形成细胞是遇到这些超抗原的第一种细胞类型。我们采用转录组测序(RNA-seq),一式三份评估了人类原发性角质形成细胞对TSST-1和葡萄球菌肠毒素B(SEB)的反应。两种超抗原都导致大量基因被上调和下调。与媒介物处理的细胞相比,无论是上调还是下调,展现出2倍差异基因表达的基因,对于TSST-1和SEB总计为5,773。其中,4 通过将角质形成细胞暴露于TSST-1,显着上调了482个,而下调了1,291个。对于SEB,3,785个基因的表达水平上调,而535个基因的表达水平下调。预期上调(3,412个基因)和下调(400个基因)都存在高度重叠。显着上调的基因包括与趋化因子产生有关的基因,可能刺激炎症。我们还测试了来自不同供体的永生化人角质形成细胞系对四种超抗原的趋化因子反应。TSST-1和SEB导致产生白介素8(IL-8),MIP-3α和IL-33。评估了SPEA和SPEC对刺激IL-8的代表性趋化因子的表达;两者均刺激IL-8的产生。291条下调。对于SEB,3,785个基因的表达水平上调,而535个基因的表达水平下调。预期上调(3,412个基因)和下调(400个基因)都存在高度重叠。显着上调的基因包括与趋化因子产生有关的基因,可能刺激炎症。我们还测试了来自不同供体的永生化人角质形成细胞系对四种超抗原的趋化因子反应。TSST-1和SEB导致产生白介素8(IL-8),MIP-3α和IL-33。评估了SPEA和SPEC对刺激IL-8的代表性趋化因子的表达;两者均刺激IL-8的产生。291条下调。对于SEB,3,785个基因的表达水平上调,而535个基因的表达水平下调。预期上调(3,412个基因)和下调(400个基因)都存在高度重叠。显着上调的基因包括与趋化因子产生有关的基因,可能刺激炎症。我们还测试了来自不同供体的永生化人角质形成细胞系对四种超抗原的趋化因子反应。TSST-1和SEB导致产生白介素8(IL-8),MIP-3α和IL-33。评估了SPEA和SPEC对刺激IL-8的代表性趋化因子的表达;两者均刺激IL-8的产生。预期上调(3,412个基因)和下调(400个基因)都存在高度重叠。显着上调的基因包括与趋化因子产生有关的基因,可能刺激炎症。我们还测试了来自不同供体的永生化人角质形成细胞系对四种超抗原的趋化因子反应。TSST-1和SEB导致产生白介素8(IL-8),MIP-3α和IL-33。评估了SPEA和SPEC对刺激IL-8的代表性趋化因子的表达;两者均刺激IL-8的产生。预期上调(3,412个基因)和下调(400个基因)都存在高度重叠。显着上调的基因包括与趋化因子产生有关的基因,可能刺激炎症。我们还测试了来自不同供体的永生化人角质形成细胞系对四种超抗原的趋化因子反应。TSST-1和SEB导致产生白介素8(IL-8),MIP-3α和IL-33。评估了SPEA和SPEC对刺激IL-8的代表性趋化因子的表达;两者均刺激IL-8的产生。对四种超抗原的趋化因子反应。TSST-1和SEB导致产生白介素8(IL-8),MIP-3α和IL-33。评估了SPEA和SPEC对刺激IL-8的代表性趋化因子的表达;两者均刺激IL-8的产生。对四种超抗原的趋化因子反应。TSST-1和SEB导致产生白介素8(IL-8),MIP-3α和IL-33。评估了SPEA和SPEC对刺激IL-8的代表性趋化因子的表达;两者均刺激IL-8的产生。
更新日期:2020-10-07
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