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Sediment and Fecal Indicator Bacteria Loading in a Mixed Land Use Watershed: Contributions from Suspended Sediment and Bedload Transport
Journal of Environmental Quality ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 , DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20166
J Kenneth Bradshaw 1, 2, 3 , Blake Snyder 4 , David Spidle 4 , Roy C Sidle 5 , Kathleen Sullivan 2 , Marirosa Molina 6
Affiliation  

Overland transport of fecal bacteria in water and their resuspension from bed sediments are important transport mechanisms that help explain the transport of enteric pathogens in watersheds. In this study, multi-year monitoring along with regression relationships between sediment and fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) were used to investigate annual loading in the South Fork Broad River (SFBR) watershed, located in northeast Georgia, USA. Suspended transport was the dominant transport mechanism contributing to in-stream total annual loads for sediment (81.4% to 98.1%) and FIB (> 98%). Annual bedload transport of FIB was small and E. coli (up to 1.8%) contributed more to annual bedload FIB than enterococci (≤ 0.03%). Bedload contributions of FIB increased with the duration of critical discharge exceedance, indicating a prolonged risk of exposure to enteric pathogens during extended periods of high flows, which is important during major storm events. The risk of exposure to enteric pathogens through pathways such as recreational use and drinking water treatment could be much greater because fecal bacteria are released from sediment during higher flows, and dominantly transported in suspension when bedload are not actively moving. Therefore, the combined contribution of fecal bacteria from overland and bedload-associated transport should be considered in risk assessments. Discharge, bedload, and FIB data collected over two years in this study can supplement future hydrologic modeling and microbial risk assessment modeling efforts. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译:

混合土地利用流域的沉积物和粪便指示细菌负荷:悬浮沉积物和床载运输的贡献

粪便细菌在水中的陆路运输及其从床沉积物中的再悬浮是重要的运输机制,有助于解释肠道病原体在流域中的运输。在这项研究中,多年监测以及沉积物和粪便指示菌 (FIB) 之间的回归关系被用来调查位于美国佐治亚州东北部的南福克布罗德河 (SFBR) 流域的年负荷。悬浮运输是主要的运输机制,导致河内沉积物(81.4% 至 98.1%)和 FIB(> 98%)的年总负荷。FIB 的年床载运输量很小,大肠杆菌(高达 1.8%)对年床载 FIB 的贡献大于肠球菌(≤ 0.03%)。FIB 的床载贡献随着临界排放超标的持续时间而增加,表明在长时间高流量期间暴露于肠道病原体的风险延长,这在重大风暴事件期间很重要。通过娱乐用途和饮用水处理等途径接触肠道病原体的风险可能要大得多,因为粪便细菌在较高流量期间从沉积物中释放出来,并且在床载物不主动移动时主要以悬浮方式运输。因此,在风险评估中应考虑来自陆路和与床量相关的运输的粪便细菌的综合贡献。本研究在两年内收集的流量、床量和 FIB 数据可以补充未来的水文建模和微生物风险评估建模工作。本文受版权保护。版权所有。这在重大风暴事件期间很重要。通过娱乐用途和饮用水处理等途径接触肠道病原体的风险可能要大得多,因为粪便细菌在较高流量期间从沉积物中释放出来,并且在床载物不主动移动时主要以悬浮方式运输。因此,在风险评估中应考虑来自陆路和与床量相关的运输的粪便细菌的综合贡献。本研究在两年内收集的流量、床量和 FIB 数据可以补充未来的水文建模和微生物风险评估建模工作。本文受版权保护。版权所有。这在重大风暴事件期间很重要。通过娱乐用途和饮用水处理等途径接触肠道病原体的风险可能要大得多,因为粪便细菌在较高流量期间从沉积物中释放出来,并且在床载物不主动移动时主要以悬浮方式运输。因此,在风险评估中应考虑来自陆路和与床量相关的运输的粪便细菌的综合贡献。本研究在两年内收集的流量、床量和 FIB 数据可以补充未来的水文建模和微生物风险评估建模工作。本文受版权保护。版权所有。通过娱乐用途和饮用水处理等途径接触肠道病原体的风险可能要大得多,因为粪便细菌在较高流量期间从沉积物中释放出来,并且在床载物不主动移动时主要以悬浮方式运输。因此,在风险评估中应考虑来自陆路和与床量相关的运输的粪便细菌的综合贡献。本研究在两年内收集的流量、床量和 FIB 数据可以补充未来的水文建模和微生物风险评估建模工作。本文受版权保护。版权所有。通过娱乐用途和饮用水处理等途径接触肠道病原体的风险可能要大得多,因为粪便细菌在较高流量期间从沉积物中释放出来,并且在床载物不主动移动时主要以悬浮方式运输。因此,在风险评估中应考虑来自陆路和与床量相关的运输的粪便细菌的综合贡献。本研究在两年内收集的流量、床量和 FIB 数据可以补充未来的水文建模和微生物风险评估建模工作。本文受版权保护。版权所有。在风险评估中应考虑来自陆路和与床量相关的运输的粪便细菌的综合贡献。本研究在两年内收集的流量、床量和 FIB 数据可以补充未来的水文建模和微生物风险评估建模工作。本文受版权保护。版权所有。在风险评估中应考虑来自陆路和与床量相关的运输的粪便细菌的综合贡献。本研究在两年内收集的流量、床量和 FIB 数据可以补充未来的水文建模和微生物风险评估建模工作。本文受版权保护。版权所有。
更新日期:2020-10-06
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