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Persistence of Low and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Reused Poultry Litter, Effects of Litter Amendment Use and Composting Temperatures
Journal of Applied Poultry Research ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2020.09.011
A. Figueroa , T. Derksen , S. Biswas , A. Nazmi , D. Rejmanek , B. Crossley , P. Pandey , R.A. Gallardo

Avian influenza has greatly impacted the commercial poultry industry worldwide. Limited knowledge exists on the interactions between avian influenza viruses (AIV) and the environmental factors associated with poultry farms. To improve existing understanding of AIV survival in various environmental conditions, experiments were conducted to investigate the persistence of AIV in reused poultry litter. Additionally, we investigated the effects of a litter acidifier, based on sodium bisulfate, as well as different composting temperatures in the survivability of this virus. Highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza was found to persist much longer than low pathogenic (LP) avian influenza in litter material, regardless of the number of cycles the litter was used. No clear association was detected between litter cycle use and viral persistence. In terms of litter acidification, the acidifier amendment immediately inactivated LPAIV when directly mixed with the virus and in presence of broiler litter. Differing results were obtained in turkey litter where the virus persisted less than 48 hours. Finally, when testing composting temperatures, LPAIV was inactivated in litter after 30 minutes of viral contamination but before the target temperatures were reached. In carcass material with and without litter, LPAIV survived less than 30 minutes, before reaching 50 °C or 60 °C, showing a detrimental effect on LPAIV survivability. These studies provide information that helps improve the understanding of the interactions between environmental factors and AIV.



中文翻译:

低和高致病性禽流感病毒在再利用家禽垫料中的持久性,垫料改良使用和堆肥温度的影响

禽流感极大地影响了全球商业家禽业。关于禽流感病毒(AIV)与家禽养殖场相关的环境因素之间的相互作用的知识有限。为了增进对AIV在各种环境条件下生存的了解,进行了实验以研究AIV在再利用家禽垫料中的持久性。此外,我们研究了基于硫酸氢钠的垫料酸化剂以及不同堆肥温度对这种病毒生存能力的影响。无论使用哪种垫料,高致病性(HP)禽流感的持久性要比低致病性(LP)禽流感持久得多。在产仔周期使用和病毒持久性之间未发现明确的关联。在垫料酸化方面,当直接与病毒混合并在肉鸡垫料存在下,酸化剂修饰剂立即使LPAIV失活。在火鸡废弃物中,病毒持续时间少于48小时的结果不同。最后,当测试堆肥温度时,LPAIV在病毒污染30分钟后但未达到目标温度之前在垫料中失活。在有或没有凋落物的car体材料中,LPAIV存活不到30分钟,直至达到50°C或60°C,这显示了对LPAIV生存能力的有害影响。这些研究提供的信息有助于增进对环境因素与AIV之间相互作用的理解。当与病毒直接混合并在肉鸡垫料下存在时,酸化剂修饰剂立即使LPAIV失活。在火鸡废弃物中,病毒持续时间少于48小时的结果不同。最后,当测试堆肥温度时,LPAIV在病毒污染30分钟后但未达到目标温度之前在垫料中失活。在有或没有凋落物的car体材料中,LPAIV存活不到30分钟,直至达到50°C或60°C,这显示了对LPAIV生存能力的有害影响。这些研究提供的信息有助于增进对环境因素与AIV之间相互作用的理解。当与病毒直接混合并在肉鸡垫料存在下,酸化剂修饰剂立即使LPAIV失活。在火鸡废弃物中,病毒持续时间少于48小时的结果不同。最后,当测试堆肥温度时,LPAIV在病毒污染30分钟后但未达到目标温度之前在垫料中失活。在有或没有凋落物的car体材料中,LPAIV存活不到30分钟,直至达到50°C或60°C,这显示了对LPAIV生存能力的有害影响。这些研究提供的信息有助于增进对环境因素与AIV之间相互作用的理解。病毒污染30分钟后但未达到目标温度之前,LPAIV在垫料中失活。在有或没有凋落物的car体材料中,LPAIV存活不到30分钟,直至达到50°C或60°C,这显示了对LPAIV生存能力的有害影响。这些研究提供的信息有助于增进对环境因素与AIV之间相互作用的理解。病毒污染30分钟后但未达到目标温度之前,LPAIV在垫料中失活。在有或没有凋落物的car体材料中,LPAIV存活不到30分钟,直至达到50°C或60°C,这显示了对LPAIV生存能力的有害影响。这些研究提供的信息有助于增进对环境因素与AIV之间相互作用的理解。

更新日期:2020-10-07
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