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Contrasted response to climate change of winter and spring grain legumes in southwestern France
Field Crops Research ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107967 Gatien N. Falconnier , Anthony Vermue , Etienne-Pascal Journet , Mathias Christina , Laurent Bedoussac , Eric Justes
Field Crops Research ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107967 Gatien N. Falconnier , Anthony Vermue , Etienne-Pascal Journet , Mathias Christina , Laurent Bedoussac , Eric Justes
Abstract Climate change could undermine grain legumes ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and their contribution to increase cropping systems sustainability. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) are the two most widely grown grain legumes in Europe, yet the potential impact of climate change on their performances has not been quantified. We calibrated and evaluated the STICS soil-crop model for spring pea, winter pea and winter faba bean using experimental data from southwestern France and explored the effect of contrasting climate change scenarios. After calibration, STICS accurately simulated grain yield and amount of N2 fixed for the experimental growing seasons. Assuming no change in crop management, mean and inter-annual variability of grain yield and fixed N2 were assessed for historical (1995−2015), mid-term (2020−2040) and long-term (2060−2080) periods in one location in southwestern France. We considered projections from three climate models and two Representative [CO2] Pathways (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). The climate models spanned a wide range of changes in temperature (+0.3 to +4.1 °C) and rainfall (−15% to +8%) depending on time horizon and RCP. Simulated grain yield increased over the long term in most scenarios (+1 to +25%), and spring pea tended to benefit less than winter pea and winter faba bean. Nevertheless, for the climate scenario with a decrease in rainfall and the strongest increase in temperature, simulated spring pea grain yield decreased by 28% while winter legumes yields were less affected (−14% for pea and no decrease for faba bean). Simulated changes in the amount of N2 fixed followed the grain yield response. Temperature rise caused a shortening in crop cycle duration. Simulated temperature stress significantly increased for spring and winter pea in most climate change scenarios while winter faba bean was rather unaffected due to greater upper temperature thresholds. N2 fixation of spring pea was reduced by above-optimal temperature during its vegetative growth in spring while N2 fixation of winter legumes was enhanced by the increase in temperature during their vegetative growth in winter. Simulated drought stress only increased in the climate scenario predicting a decrease in rainfall. Overall, [CO2] increase would allow offsetting negative effects of temperature and drought on grain yield and N2 fixation, except for climate scenarios involving a decrease in rainfall and the strong increase in temperature. The contrasted simulated response of winter and spring grain legumes to climate change in southwestern France points to the opportunity to tap grain legume diversity and cultivar choice as an adaptation strategy.
中文翻译:
法国西南部冬春谷物豆类对气候变化的对比反应
摘要 气候变化可能会削弱谷物豆类固定大气氮的能力及其对提高种植系统可持续性的贡献。豌豆 (Pisum sativum L.) 和蚕豆 (Vicia faba L.) 是欧洲种植最广泛的两种谷物豆类,但气候变化对其性能的潜在影响尚未量化。我们使用法国西南部的实验数据校准和评估了春豌豆、冬豌豆和冬蚕豆的 STICS 土壤作物模型,并探讨了对比气候变化情景的影响。校准后,STICS 准确模拟了试验生长季节固定的谷物产量和 N2 量。假设作物管理没有变化,对历史(1995-2015)粮食产量和固定N2的平均和年际变化进行了评估,法国西南部一个地点的中期(2020-2040)和长期(2060-2080)时期。我们考虑了来自三个气候模型和两个代表性 [CO2] 途径(RCP 4.5 和 RCP 8.5)的预测。根据时间范围和 RCP,气候模型涵盖了温度(+0.3 至 +4.1 °C)和降雨量(-15% 至 +8%)的广泛变化。在大多数情况下(+1 至 +25%),模拟粮食产量长期增加,春豌豆的收益往往低于冬豌豆和冬蚕豆。尽管如此,对于降雨量减少和温度升高最强烈的气候情景,模拟的春季豌豆粮食产量下降了 28%,而冬季豆类产量受到的影响较小(豌豆为 -14%,蚕豆没有减少)。固定 N2 量的模拟变化遵循谷物产量响应。温度升高导致作物周期持续时间缩短。在大多数气候变化情景中,春季和冬季豌豆的模拟温度压力显着增加,而冬季蚕豆由于较高的温度阈值而未受影响。春豌豆在春季营养生长过程中高于最适温度会降低其固氮能力,而在冬季营养生长过程中温度升高会增强冬豆的固氮能力。模拟干旱压力仅在预测降雨量减少的气候情景中增加。总体而言,[CO2] 增加将抵消温度和干旱对粮食产量和 N2 固定的负面影响,但涉及降雨量减少和温度大幅上升的气候情景除外。
更新日期:2020-12-01
中文翻译:
法国西南部冬春谷物豆类对气候变化的对比反应
摘要 气候变化可能会削弱谷物豆类固定大气氮的能力及其对提高种植系统可持续性的贡献。豌豆 (Pisum sativum L.) 和蚕豆 (Vicia faba L.) 是欧洲种植最广泛的两种谷物豆类,但气候变化对其性能的潜在影响尚未量化。我们使用法国西南部的实验数据校准和评估了春豌豆、冬豌豆和冬蚕豆的 STICS 土壤作物模型,并探讨了对比气候变化情景的影响。校准后,STICS 准确模拟了试验生长季节固定的谷物产量和 N2 量。假设作物管理没有变化,对历史(1995-2015)粮食产量和固定N2的平均和年际变化进行了评估,法国西南部一个地点的中期(2020-2040)和长期(2060-2080)时期。我们考虑了来自三个气候模型和两个代表性 [CO2] 途径(RCP 4.5 和 RCP 8.5)的预测。根据时间范围和 RCP,气候模型涵盖了温度(+0.3 至 +4.1 °C)和降雨量(-15% 至 +8%)的广泛变化。在大多数情况下(+1 至 +25%),模拟粮食产量长期增加,春豌豆的收益往往低于冬豌豆和冬蚕豆。尽管如此,对于降雨量减少和温度升高最强烈的气候情景,模拟的春季豌豆粮食产量下降了 28%,而冬季豆类产量受到的影响较小(豌豆为 -14%,蚕豆没有减少)。固定 N2 量的模拟变化遵循谷物产量响应。温度升高导致作物周期持续时间缩短。在大多数气候变化情景中,春季和冬季豌豆的模拟温度压力显着增加,而冬季蚕豆由于较高的温度阈值而未受影响。春豌豆在春季营养生长过程中高于最适温度会降低其固氮能力,而在冬季营养生长过程中温度升高会增强冬豆的固氮能力。模拟干旱压力仅在预测降雨量减少的气候情景中增加。总体而言,[CO2] 增加将抵消温度和干旱对粮食产量和 N2 固定的负面影响,但涉及降雨量减少和温度大幅上升的气候情景除外。