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Agarose degradation for utilization: Enzymes, pathways, metabolic engineering methods and products
Biotechnology Advances ( IF 16.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107641
Chengcheng Jiang , Zhen Liu , Danyang Cheng , Xiangzhao Mao

Red algae are important renewable bioresources with very large annual outputs. Agarose is the major carbohydrate component of many red algae and has potential to be of value in the production of agaro-oligosaccharides, biofuels and other chemicals. In this review, we summarize the degradation pathway of agarose, which includes an upstream part involving transformation of agarose into its two monomers, D-galactose (D-Gal) and 3,6-anhydro-α-L-galactose (L-AHG), and a downstream part involving monosaccharide degradation pathways. The upstream part involves agarolytic enzymes such as α-agarase, β-agarase, α-neoagarobiose hydrolase, and agarolytic β-galactosidase. The downstream part includes the degradation pathways of D-Gal and L-AHG. In addition, the production of functional agaro-oligosaccharides such as neoagarobiose and monosaccharides such as L-AHG with different agarolytic enzymes is reviewed. Third, techniques for the setup, regulation and optimization of agarose degradation to increase utilization efficiency of agarose are summarized. Although heterologous construction of the whole agarose degradation pathway in an engineered strain has not been reported, biotechnologies applied to improve D-Gal utilization efficiency and construct L-AHG catalytic routes are reviewed. Finally, critical aspects that may aid in the construction of engineered microorganisms that can fully utilize agarose to produce agaro-oligosaccharides or as carbon sources for production of biofuels or other value-adding chemicals are discussed.



中文翻译:

琼脂糖降解利用:酶,途径,代谢工程方法和产品

红藻是重要的可再生生物资源,年产量很高。琼脂糖是许多红藻的主要碳水化合物成分,在生产琼脂寡糖,生物燃料和其他化学品中具有潜在的价值。在这篇综述中,我们总结了琼脂糖的降解途径,其中包括上游部分,涉及将琼脂糖转化为其两个单体,D-半乳糖(D-Gal)和3,6-脱水-α-L-半乳糖(L-AHG) ),以及涉及单糖降解途径的下游部分。上游部分涉及琼脂糖分解酶,例如α-琼脂糖酶,β-琼脂糖酶,α-新琼脂酸糖水解酶和琼脂糖分解β-半乳糖苷酶。下游部分包括D-Gal和L-AHG的降解途径。此外,综述了用不同的琼脂糖分解酶生产功能性琼脂寡糖(如新琼脂糖)和单糖(如L-AHG)的方法。第三,总结了建立,调节和优化琼脂糖降解以提高琼脂糖利用效率的技术。尽管尚未报道工程菌株中整个琼脂糖降解途径的异源构建,但对用于提高D-Gal利用效率和构建L-AHG催化路线的生物技术进行了综述。最后,讨论了可能有助于构建工程微生物的关键方面,这些工程微生物可以充分利用琼脂糖生产琼脂寡糖或作为碳源生产生物燃料或其他增值化学品。总结了建立,调节和优化琼脂糖降解以提高琼脂糖利用效率的技术。尽管尚未报道工程菌株中整个琼脂糖降解途径的异源构建,但对用于提高D-Gal利用效率和构建L-AHG催化路线的生物技术进行了综述。最后,讨论了可能有助于构建工程微生物的关键方面,这些工程微生物可以充分利用琼脂糖生产琼脂寡糖或作为碳源生产生物燃料或其他增值化学品。总结了建立,调节和优化琼脂糖降解以提高琼脂糖利用效率的技术。尽管尚未报道工程菌株中整个琼脂糖降解途径的异源构建,但对用于提高D-Gal利用效率和构建L-AHG催化路线的生物技术进行了综述。最后,讨论了可能有助于构建工程微生物的关键方面,这些工程微生物可以充分利用琼脂糖生产琼脂寡糖或作为碳源生产生物燃料或其他增值化学品。尽管尚未报道工程菌株中整个琼脂糖降解途径的异源构建,但对用于提高D-Gal利用效率和构建L-AHG催化路线的生物技术进行了综述。最后,讨论了可能有助于构建工程微生物的关键方面,这些工程微生物可以充分利用琼脂糖生产琼脂寡糖或作为碳源生产生物燃料或其他增值化学品。尽管尚未报道工程菌株中整个琼脂糖降解途径的异源构建,但对用于提高D-Gal利用效率和构建L-AHG催化路线的生物技术进行了综述。最后,讨论了可能有助于构建工程微生物的关键方面,这些工程微生物可以充分利用琼脂糖生产琼脂寡糖或作为碳源生产生物燃料或其他增值化学品。

更新日期:2020-10-15
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