The genus Oxybelis currently is composed of four taxa despite numerous studies suggesting and describing multiple taxa within the O. aeneus complex. Here, we utilize a multilocus molecular dataset (i.e., cyt b, ND4, 12S, 16S, cmos, PRLR, 3663 bp) to conduct phylogenetic analyses to assess the evolutionary history of Oxybelis. Our molecular analyses find three major lineages of Oxybelis (i.e., O. aeneus complex, O. brevirostris, O. fulgidus complex) with a sister relationship between O. brevirostris and the O. aeneus complex to the exclusion of the O. fulgidus complex. More specifically, O. aeneus appears to harbor at least five taxa currently unrecognized while O. fulgidus was found to be paraphyletic with respect to O. wilsoni, suggesting cryptic diversity and novel taxa in that clade as well. Additionally, we use morphological data in concert with our molecular analyses and the literature to support removing Oxybelis microphthalmus Barbour and Amaral, 1926; Oxybelis potosiensis Taylor, 1941; and Dryophis vittatus Girard, 1854 from the synonymy of O. aeneus. Finally, we describe two new species from Central America and northern South America.

中文翻译：

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在进化藤上不枯萎：从北部分布对褐藤蛇（爬行动物：有鳞目：Oxybelis）进行系统修订

尽管许多研究表明和描述了 O. aeneus 复合体中的多个分类群，但 Oxybelis 属目前由四个分类群组成。在这里，我们利用多位点分子数据集（即 cyt b、ND4、12S、16S、cmos、PRLR、3663 bp）进行系统发育分析以评估 Oxybelis 的进化历史。我们的分子分析发现 Oxybelis 的三个主要谱系（即 O. aeneus 复合体、O. brevirostris、O. fulgidus complex），在 O. brevirostris 和 O. aeneus 复合体之间存在姐妹关系，但排除了 O. fulgidus 复合体。更具体地说，O. aeneus 似乎拥有至少五个目前未被识别的分类群，而 O. fulgidus 被发现与 O. wilsoni 是并系的，这表明该进化枝中也存在神秘的多样性和新的分类群。此外，我们将形态学数据与我们的分子分析和文献相结合，以支持去除 Oxybelis microphthalmus Barbour 和 Amaral，1926 年；Oxybelis potosiensis 泰勒，1941 年；和 Dryophis vittatus Girard，1854 年来自 O. aeneus 的同义词。最后，我们描述了来自中美洲和南美洲北部的两个新物种。