Phase-shifting interferometry (PSI) has been widely applied in the field of accurate optical methodology. However, the fluctuation of background and amplitude intensities due to the instability of laser source, and phase-shifting error or vibration are significant problems for the PSI. In this study, the spatiotemporal phase-shifting method (ST-PSM) (Ri S et al 2019 J. Opt. 21 095702), which is a highly accurate and robust phase analysis method using spatial and temporal intensities information simultaneously, is first applied to laser interferometry to achieve a stable measurement. Through several simulations, three effects of fluctuations in background and amplitude intensities, phase-shifting error were investigated. As a result, we clarified that the periodic phase error with fundamental or second harmonic frequencies occurs in the conventional PSM method, whereas no periodic error occurs in the ST-PSM. Besides, the ST-PSM is also robust to the noise eit...

中文翻译：

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时空相移法精确分析干涉条纹

相移干涉术（PSI）已被广泛应用于精确光学方法学领域。然而，由于激光源的不稳定性而引起的背景和振幅强度的波动，相移误差或振动对于PSI是重要的问题。在这项研究中，首先应用了时空相移方法（ST-PSM）（Ri S等人2019 J.Opt.21 095702），这是一种同时使用空间和时间强度信息的高精度和鲁棒性的相位分析方法。激光干涉仪以实现稳定的测量。通过几个模拟，研究了背景和振幅强度波动，相移误差的三种影响。结果是，我们阐明，在传统的PSM方法中会发生具有基波或二次谐波频率的周期性相位误差，而在ST-PSM中不会出现周期性误差。此外，ST-PSM还具有强大的抗噪声能力。