Cellulosic coagulant with low crystallinity and surface charge of −19.2 mV were extracted from wet banana peels (WBE) using kitchen-blending method. Functionalization with ferric chloride and aluminium chloride yielded higher surface charge of −23.8 mV (mWBE). Both WBE and mWBE coagulants were used to target cadmium ions from aqueous solution. Coagulants and the floccules (WBEA and mWBEA) were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, zeta sizer nano series, and SEM/EDs. The amount of cadmium ion coagulated was determined using ICP-OES. The FTIR analysis revealed the functional groups involved in the coordination and subsequent removal of the metals ions around 1634 cm ⁻¹ , ascribed to the C = O vibrational band of carbonyl group. Microscopic analysis revealed that the mWBE is porous and exhibited microfibers with rod-like morphology. The effects of parameters such as the initial concentration, coagulant dosage and solution pH were investigated. Coagulation results showed that 10 mg of WBE and mWBE could remove about 80% and 90% of the Cd ²⁺ ions respectively. However; the difference in the performance of both materials does not justify the essence of surface modification. Therefore, WBE is considered more efficient and environmentally friendly. Notwithstanding, the performance of these coagulants in real environmental samples will confirm their robustness.

中文翻译：

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香蕉皮纤维素凝固剂的简易合成及其在镉加标水中的应用

采用厨房混合法从湿香蕉皮 (WBE) 中提取出低结晶度、表面电荷为 -19.2 mV 的纤维素凝固剂。用氯化铁和氯化铝进行官能化产生了更高的表面电荷 -23.8 mV (mWBE)。WBE 和 mWBE 混凝剂均用于靶向水溶液中的镉离子。通过 XRD、FT-IR、zeta sizer 纳米系列和 SEM/ED 表征混凝剂和絮凝剂（WBEA 和 mWBEA）。使用ICP-OES测定凝固的镉离子的量。FTIR分析揭示了参与配位和随后去除1634 cm ^-1附近金属离子的官能团 ，归因于羰基的C = O振动带。显微镜分析表明，mWBE 是多孔的，并呈现出具有棒状形态的微纤维。研究了初始浓度、混凝剂用量和溶液pH等参数的影响。混凝结果表明，10 mg的WBE和mWBE分别可以去除约80%和90%的Cd ²⁺离子。然而; 两种材料性能的差异并不能证明表面改性的本质是合理的。因此，WBE被认为更高效、更环保。尽管如此，这些混凝剂在真实环境样品中的性能将证实它们的稳健性。