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Photosymbiosis for Biomedical Applications
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 , DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.577204
Myra N. Chávez , Nicholas Moellhoff , Thilo L. Schenck , José Tomás Egaña , Jörg Nickelsen

Without the sustained provision of adequate levels of oxygen by the cardiovascular system, the tissues of higher animals are incapable of maintaining normal metabolic activity, and hence cannot survive. The consequence of this evolutionarily suboptimal design is that humans are dependent on cardiovascular perfusion, and therefore highly susceptible to alterations in its normal function. However, hope may be at hand. “Photosynthetic strategies,” based on the recognition that photosynthesis is the source of all oxygen, offer a revolutionary and promising solution to pathologies related to tissue hypoxia. These approaches, which have been under development over the past 20 years, seek to harness photosynthetic microorganisms as a local and controllable source of oxygen to circumvent the need for blood perfusion to sustain tissue survival. To date, their applications extend from the in vitro creation of artificial human tissues to the photosynthetic maintenance of oxygen-deprived organs both in vivo and ex vivo, while their potential use in other medical approaches has just begun to be explored. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of photosynthetic technologies and its innovative applications, as well as an expert assessment of the major challenges and how they can be addressed.

中文翻译:

生物医学应用的光共生

如果没有心血管系统持续提供足够水平的氧气,高等动物的组织就无法维持正常的代谢活动,因此无法生存。这种进化上次优设计的结果是人类依赖于心血管灌注,因此非常容易受到其正常功能改变的影响。然而,希望可能就在眼前。“光合作用策略”基于对光合作用是所有氧气来源的认识,为与组织缺氧相关的病理提供了一种革命性的、有前途的解决方案。这些方法在过去 20 年中一直在开发中,旨在利用光合微生物作为局部和可控的氧气来源,以避免需要血液灌注来维持组织存活。迄今为止,它们的应用范围从人造人体组织的体外创建到体内和体外缺氧器官的光合作用维持,而它们在其他医学方法中的潜在用途才刚刚开始探索。这篇综述概述了光合作用技术的最新进展及其创新应用,并对主要挑战及其解决方法进行了专家评估。
更新日期:2020-10-06
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