Abstract

A sensitive and precise method for copper (Cu) speciation [electroactive Cu (II), acid-dissolved Cu (0, II), and inert Cu (0)] in coastal waters was developed using flow-injection analysis and electrochemical detection. The reaction is based on a simple redox reaction using a gold nanoparticle modified electrode. The effects of experimental parameters were investigated and optimized. The presence of iron, lead, zinc, cadmium, and aluminum did not interfere with the determination of copper. For total copper, the method detection limit was 1.3 nM, and the quantification range was from 5 to 1000 nM (R² equal to 0.995), which is sufficiently sensitive for coastal water analysis. A certified reference material was used to characterize the accuracy and good agreement was obtained. The developed method was applied to analyze coastal water samples collected from the Guangdang River, Shandong, China. The Cu species present are reported and discussed.

摘要

利用流动注射分析和电化学检测技术，开发了一种灵敏而精确的铜（Cu）形态[电活性铜（II），酸溶解铜（0，II）和惰性铜（0）]的方法。该反应基于使用金纳米粒子修饰电极的简单氧化还原反应。实验参数的影响进行了研究和优化。铁，铅，锌，镉和铝的存在不会干扰铜的测定。对于总铜，方法检出限为1.3 nM，定量范围为5至1000 nM（R ²等于0.995），对沿海水分析足够敏感。使用经过认证的参考材料来表征准确性，并获得了良好的一致性。该方法用于分析从山东广当河采集的沿海水样。报告和讨论了存在的铜种类。