Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019, is a respiratory virus primarily transmitted person to person through inhalation of droplets or aerosols, laden with viral particles. However, as recent studies have shown, virions can remain infectious for up to 72 h on surfaces, which can lead to transmission through contact. Thus, a comprehensive study was conducted to determine the efficiency of protocols to recover SARS-CoV-2 from surfaces in built environments. This end-to-end (E2E) study showed that the effective combination for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces includes using an Isohelix swab collection tool, DNA/RNA Shield as a preservative, an automated system for RNA extraction, and reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) as the detection assay. Using this E2E approach, this study showed that, in some cases, noninfectious viral fragments of SARS-CoV-2 persisted on surfaces for as long as 8 days even after bleach treatment. Additionally, debris associated with specific built environment surfaces appeared to inhibit and negatively impact the recovery of RNA; Amerstat demonstrated the highest inhibition (>90%) when challenged with an inactivated viral control. Overall, it was determined that this E2E protocol required a minimum of 1,000 viral particles per 25 cm² to successfully detect virus from test surfaces. Despite our findings of viral fragment longevity on surfaces, when this method was employed to evaluate 368 samples collected from various built environmental surfaces, all samples tested negative, indicating that the surfaces were either void of virus or below the detection limit of the assay.

中文翻译：

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从建筑环境中检测 SARS-CoV-2 的端到端协议

严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 是导致 2019 年冠状病毒病的病毒，是一种呼吸道病毒，主要通过吸入含有病毒颗粒的飞沫或气溶胶在人与人之间传播。然而，正如最近的研究表明，病毒粒子可以在表面上保持传染性长达 72 小时，这可能导致通过接触传播。因此，进行了一项综合研究，以确定从建筑环境中的表面恢复 SARS-CoV-2 的协议的效率。这项端到端 (E2E) 研究表明，监测表面 SARS-CoV-2 的有效组合包括使用 Isohelix 拭子收集工具、作为防腐剂的 DNA/RNA Shield、用于 RNA 提取的自动化系统和逆转录酶定量 PCR (RT-qPCR) 作为检测方法。使用这种 E2E 方法，这项研究表明，在某些情况下，即使经过漂白处理，SARS-CoV-2 的非传染性病毒片段仍会在表面上持续长达 8 天。此外，与特定建筑环境表面相关的碎片似乎抑制并负面影响 RNA 的恢复；当用灭活病毒对照物进行挑战时，Amerstat 表现出最高的抑制作用 (>90%)。总体而言，确定此 E2E 协议需要至少 1,000 个病毒颗粒/25 cm 90%) 当受到灭活病毒对照的挑战时。总体而言，确定此 E2E 协议需要至少 1,000 个病毒颗粒/25 cm 90%) 当受到灭活病毒对照的攻击时。总体而言，确定此 E2E 协议需要至少 1,000 个病毒颗粒/25 cm²从测试表面成功检测病毒。尽管我们发现了病毒片段在表面上的寿命，但当采用这种方法来评估从各种建筑环境表面收集的 368 个样本时，所有样本的检测结果均为阴性，表明这些表面要么没有病毒，要么低于检测的检测限。