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Staying in the club: Exploring criteria governing metacommunity membership for obligate symbionts under host–symbiont feedback
Journal of Theoretical Biology ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110512
Vignesh Venkateswaran 1 , Renee M Borges 2
Affiliation  

Metacommunity membership is influenced by habitat availability and trophic requirements. However, for multitrophic horizontally transmitted symbiont communities that are closely associated with hosts, symbiont–host interactions may affect membership criteria in novel ways. For example, failure of beneficial services from symbionts could influence the host, and in turn, the entire community. Understanding such host–symbiont feedback effects on symbiont community membership, symbiont community structure, and function is important for understanding if host–symbiont communities are fundamentally different from more traditional ecological communities.

We investigate the membership criteria for a multitrophic insect symbiont community that colonizes host inflorescences at specific developmental stages termed colonization windows. The inflorescences serve as microcosm habitats. Symbionts exhibit a range of interactions from mutualism to parasitism. Hosts exhibit feedback by aborting inflorescences not pollinated by mutualistic symbionts. Habitats are consequently lost for all other symbiont species in such host-derived organs whose development is mutualist-dependent. Using empirical measurements to characterize inflorescence development, we simulate symbiont dispersal colonization across hosts. We vary host densities and lengths of symbiont colonization windows, and track the persistence of each symbiont species in the metacommunity based on its trophic requirements and resource availability within the microcosm.

Since the persistence of the microcosm habitat is dictated by pollination performed by the mutualist, the mutualist fared better than all other symbionts. The length of symbiont colonization windows was positively related with colonization success and symbiont persistence. The cumulative length of the colonization windows of prey dictated predator success; diet breadth or prey colonization success did not influence predator persistence. Predators also had a greater host-plant density requirement than prey for persistence in the community. These results offer valuable insights into host densities required for maintaining symbionts, and have implications for multitrophic symbiont community stability.

Special constraints can govern symbiont community membership, function and structure and symbiont persistence when host–symbiont feedback impacts host microcosm development.



中文翻译:

待在俱乐部中:探讨主持人-共生体反馈下专职共生体的元社区成员资格管理标准

元社区成员资格受栖息地可用性和营养要求的影响。但是,对于与宿主紧密相关的多营养水平传播共生体群落,共生体-宿主相互作用可能以新颖的方式影响成员资格标准。例如,共生主义者无法提供有益的服务可能会影响东道主,进而影响整个社区。理解这种寄主共生体反馈对共生体成员,共生体群落结构和功能的影响对于理解寄主共生体社区是否与传统的生态学社区根本不同至关重要。

我们调查了在特定发育阶段定植宿主花序的多营养昆虫共生体群落的成员资格标准,称为定殖窗口。花序充当缩影生境。共生体表现出从互惠主义到寄生主义的一系列相互作用。寄主通过中止没有被互惠共生体授粉的花序来表现出反馈。因此,所有其他共生物种在这种宿主是相互依存的宿主器官中都失去了栖息地。使用经验的测量来表征花序发育,我们模拟了共生体在宿主之间的分散定殖。我们改变宿主密度和共生菌定殖窗口的长度,

由于微观世界栖息地的持久性是由共生主义者进行授粉所决定的,因此,共生主义者的表现要比其他共生主义者更好。共生菌定殖窗口的长度与定殖成功和共生菌持久性呈正相关。猎物的定殖窗口的累积长度决定了捕食者的成功。饮食广度或猎物定植成功不会影响捕食者的持久性。捕食者也比捕食者具有更高的寄主植物密度,以在社区中持续生存。这些结果为维持共生体所需的宿主密度提供了宝贵的见识,并对多营养共生体群落的稳定性产生了影响。

当宿主-共生体反馈影响宿主微观世界发展时,特殊的约束条件可以控制共生体的成员,功能和结构以及共生体的持久性。

更新日期:2020-12-07
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