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Biosynthesis of inorganic nanomaterials using microbial cells and bacteriophages
Nature Reviews Chemistry ( IF 36.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 , DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-00221-w
Yoojin Choi 1, 2 , Sang Yup Lee 1, 2
Affiliation  

Inorganic nanomaterials are widely used in chemical, electronics, photonics, energy and medical industries. Preparing a nanomaterial (NM) typically requires physical and/or chemical methods that involve harsh and environmentally hazardous conditions. Recently, wild-type and genetically engineered microorganisms have been harnessed for the biosynthesis of inorganic NMs under mild and environmentally friendly conditions. Microorganisms such as microalgae, fungi and bacteria, as well as bacteriophages, can be used as biofactories to produce single-element and multi-element inorganic NMs. This Review describes the emerging area of inorganic NM biosynthesis, emphasizing the mechanisms of inorganic-ion reduction and detoxification, while also highlighting the proteins and peptides involved. We show how analysing a Pourbaix diagram can help us devise strategies for the predictive biosynthesis of NMs with high producibility and crystallinity and also describe how to control the size and morphology of the product. Here, we survey biosynthetic inorganic NMs of 55 elements and their applications in catalysis, energy harvesting and storage, electronics, antimicrobials and biomedical therapy. Furthermore, a step-by-step flow chart is presented to aid the design and biosynthesis of inorganic NMs employing microbial cells. Future research in this area will add to the diversity of available inorganic NMs but should also address scalability and purity.



中文翻译:

利用微生物细胞和噬菌体生物合成无机纳米材料

无机纳米材料广泛应用于化工、电子、光子、能源和医疗等行业。制备纳米材料 (NM) 通常需要涉及恶劣和对环境有害的条件的物理和/或化学方法。最近,野生型和基因工程微生物已被用于在温和和环境友好的条件下生物合成无机纳米材料。微藻、真菌和细菌等微生物以及噬菌体可用作生物工厂来生产单元素和多元素无机纳米材料。本综述描述了无机 NM 生物合成的新兴领域,强调了无机离子还原和解毒的机制,同时还强调了所涉及的蛋白质和肽。我们展示了分析 Pourbaix 图如何帮助我们设计具有高生产率和结晶度的预测性 NM 生物合成策略,并描述了如何控制产品的大小和形态。在这里,我们调查了 55 种元素的生物合成无机纳米材料及其在催化、能量收集和储存、电子、抗菌剂和生物医学治疗中的应用。此外,还提供了一个分步流程图,以帮助使用微生物细胞设计和生物合成无机 NM。该领域的未来研究将增加可用无机 NM 的多样性,但也应解决可扩展性和纯度问题。我们调查了 55 种元素的生物合成无机纳米材料及其在催化、能量收集和储存、电子、抗菌剂和生物医学治疗中的应用。此外,还提供了一个分步流程图,以帮助使用微生物细胞设计和生物合成无机 NM。该领域的未来研究将增加可用无机 NM 的多样性,但也应解决可扩展性和纯度问题。我们调查了 55 种元素的生物合成无机纳米材料及其在催化、能量收集和储存、电子、抗菌剂和生物医学治疗中的应用。此外,还提供了一个分步流程图,以帮助使用微生物细胞设计和生物合成无机 NM。该领域的未来研究将增加可用无机 NM 的多样性,但也应解决可扩展性和纯度问题。

更新日期:2020-10-05
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