Abstract

Jewel tetra (Hyphessobrycon eques) is a freshwater fish found in several rivers and basins in South America. The present study is the first study to create a panel of microsatellite markers for detecting genetic diversity in H. eques and evaluating the application of these markers in Serrapinnus notomelas. In total, 44 individuals were genotyped from the natural (WIL, n = 20) and stock in captivity (CAP, n = 24) population. Moreover, 19 microsatellite markers were obtained, of which only 8 loci presented a high degree polymorphism. In total, 45 alleles were detected, ranging from 126 bp (Hype2G2) to 420 bp (Hype2E2). The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p < 0.05) revealed significant difference in one locus in WIL (Hype1G4) and three loci in CAP (Hype1F4, Hype2C3, and Hype2G2). Null alleles (p < 0.05) were present in only one locus (Hype1G4). The WIL and CAP populations revealed high genetic diversity during F_ST analysis. The cross-amplification test for S. notomelas revealed that only two loci (Hype2C3 and Hype2G2B) presented satisfactory transferability results. The developed microsatellite primers will be useful in studying the genetic diversity and population structure of H. eques in wild populations and fish farms in the Brazilian and other South American basins.

摘要

Jewel tetra ( Hyphessobrycon eques ) 是一种淡水鱼，分布于南美洲的几条河流和盆地。本研究是第一个创建一组微卫星标记以检测马齿苋遗传多样性并评估这些标记在锯齿蛇中的应用的研究。总共对自然（WIL，n  = 20）和圈养（CAP，n  = 24）种群的 44 个人进行了基因分型。此外，获得了19个微卫星标记，其中只有8个位点呈现高度多态性。总共检测到 45 个等位基因，范围从 126 bp (Hype2G2) 到 420 bp (Hype2E2)。Hardy-Weinberg 平衡 ( p < 0.05）显示 WIL 中的一个基因座（Hype1G4）和 CAP 中的三个基因座（Hype1F4、Hype2C3 和 Hype2G2）存在显着差异。空等位基因 ( p  < 0.05) 仅存在于一个基因座 (Hype1G4)。_{在 F ST}分析期间，WIL 和 CAP 种群显示出高度的遗传多样性。S. notomelas的交叉扩增测试表明，只有两个基因座（Hype2C3 和 Hype2G2B）呈现出令人满意的可转移性结果。所开发的微卫星引物将有助于研究巴西和其他南美盆地野生种群和养鱼场中马齿苋的遗传多样性和种群结构。